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MH.ITARY ORDER OF THE LOYAL LEGION OF THE UNITED STATES 



CEREMONIES 



TWENTY-FIFTH ANNIVERSARY 



AMERICAN ACADEMY OF MUSIC 



PHILADELPHIA 



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PEOGEAMME 

AMERICAN ACADEMY OF MUSIC, APRIL 15, 1890 



CONCERT FROM 7.30 TO 8 P. M. 

BAND OP THE UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS, 

Overture . . . "William Tell " .... Bossini 
Valse . . . . " La Reine de la Mer " . . . . Sousa 
Fantasia ..." Tannhauser " .... Wagner 



Loyal Legion Mabch Sousa 

Presiding 
Cemmander Brevet Major-General David McM. Gregg 

ADDRESS 
Commander-in-Chief Brevet Major-Geueral Rutherford B. Hates 

Cornet Solo . "Young An:ieri.;a" (Mr. W. K Srnifa) . L^tiy 

ORATION 
Brevet Major-Geijtrrl CHAhHiS Devens 

Descriptive Fantasia .... An Episode In a Soldier's Life 
Band of the United States Marine Corps. 



READINGS 
Companion James E. Mukdoch 

The American Flag Drake 

Comrades Known in Marches many . . . Ilalpine 

In Memoriam. Abraham Lincoln. 
Died April 16, 1865. 

Gettysburg Address Lincoln 

O Captain ! My Captain ! Whitman 

Our Martyr Chief (from the Commemoration Ode) . Lowell 

ADDRESSES 

Hon. Benjamin F. Tracy, Major-Gen. H. W. Slocum, 

Major-Gen. .John M. Schofield, Major-Gen. Nelson A. Miles, 
Major-Gen. 0. O. Howard, Brevet Major-Gen. Wager Swatne, 

Brevet Brig.-Gen. James A. Beaver, Brevet Brig.-Gen. W. R. Marshall, 
Brevet Brig.-Gen. Horace Porter, Brevet Brig.-Gen. C. F. Mandebson. 



Musical Panorama . . '. ' From the Lakes to the Gulf Stream 
Bau'4' <i{ 'fheJjDitfcd,' States Marine Corps. 



Brevet Major-General D. McM. Gregg, presiding. 

My Companions of the Loyal Legion and Fellow Citizens : 
When the War of the Rebellion had ended in the triumph of the 
Union Arms, and the heart of the entire loyal people of the 
United States was overwhelmed with profound grief because of 
the assassination of the great and good Lincoln, three ex-officers of 
the Union Army (one of whom is present in the audience*) met 
in this city and resolved to establish a society in imitation of 
the Cincinnati : its membership to consist of officers and honor- 
ably discharged officers of the United States Army, Navy, and 
Marine Corps, and their male descendants ; its object being the 
preservation and cultivation of friendships formed during tlie 
war and the-promotion of a loyal devotion to a system of govern- 
ment which these original members had fought to sustain in the 
great conflict just ended. At first, and for some time thereafter, 
the membership did not increase rapidly — this because of the 
new order of things. Discharged soldiers and sailors, returning to 
their homes, found new conditions existing. Declining to accept 
these, and led by a spirit of adventure and self-reliance, which 
had grown up within them during the term of their military ser- 
vice, they were led, in many instances, to seek homes in distant 
places, many of them in the great empire west of the Mississippi. 
It took some time for this spirit of restlessness to give place to 
one of fixity. Tiiis accomplished, these soldiers and sailors 
yearned for the society and companionship of the men they best 
loved. These were to be found in the Military Order of the 
Loyal Legion and in the Grand Army of the Republic. 

* Capt. Peter D. Keyser. 
s 



To-day, the Twenty-fifth Anniversary of its founding, the 
Order of the Loyal Legion has eighteen State Comnianderies 
and a membership exceeding seven thousand. And wliat a 
membership ! It represents the highest intelligence and best 
citizenship of tliis country, gentlemen among whom are many 
distinguished and prominent in the learned professions, in the 
fields of art, science, and literature, in all branches of trade and 
commerce ; and many others equally deserving, who are pursuing 
their quiet ways in the humbler walks of life. In whatsoever 
respect these may differ, in one they are all alike ; and that is, 
that when twenty-nine years ago the very life of this nation was 
threatened with destruction that could only be averted by the 
intervention of a long and fierce war, and when the country 
called upon her sons to rally under her standard, these stood 
forward and each one said : " Here am I ; my life, if necessary, 
in your defence." 

My Companions of the Pennsylvania Commandery, I congrat- 
ulate you on its condition to-day. It is strong, vigorous, united. 
Its Companions are bound together by those ties which proceed 
from common love of country and from that friendship which 
exists among the survivors of such a war as ours, and which was 
waged on our part for the highest and noblest purpose for which 
the sword can be drawn, ties whicli can never be weakened or 
broken. 

Visiting Companions, whether you come from Maine with its 
rock-bound coast or from other Comnianderies stretching across 
the Continent, even to tlie golden shores of the Pacific, we extend 
our liands to you in cordial greeting, and in our hearts there is 
glad welcome to all. 

Never before has there been an assemblage of Companions 
such as this, and in all human probability never again will there 
be such a one. It is right tiiat this celebration should be held in 
this city, in which the Order had its birth, a city in which there 
was first erected a national altar of liberty ; a city so distinguished 
for the generous hospitality of its citizens, and which was so dis- 
tinguished, during the "War of the Rebellion, for the kind care 



exercised over its own troops in the field, and for the aid and enter- 
tainment extended to all soldiers who came within its limits. 

(Turning to the distinguished assembly on the platform :) 
Sirs, allow me to congratulate you and all other Companions 
that your lives have been prolonged to this time. 

But, in the midst of our congratulations, we pause to give place 
to a feeling of sorrow that other loved Companions — Grant, 
Farragut, Hancock, Sheridan, and a host of other noble soldiers 
and sailors — are not with us, having departed this life. We are 
proud of the service which they rendered their country ; we are 
happy in the thought that we enjoyed their friendship and com- 
panionship ; we treasure the memory of their virtues and their 
valor. 

Whilst this is a celebration of the Twenty-fifth Anniversary 
of the founding of the Pennsylvania Commandery of the Loyal 
Legion, it is more. It is also the Anniversary of the founding 
of the Order, the Pennsylvania Commandery being the parent 
one. Its pleasures and enjoyments are free to all. At its close, 
tlie Companions of the Pennsylvania Commandery will be happy 
in the knowledge that you. Companions of other Coramanderies, 
have enjoyed your visit here as much as they have your presence. 

The position of Commander-in-Chief of the Loyal Legion of 
the United States is a most honorable and dignified one. 1 
know of none which is superior to it. Happily that oflSce has 
been occupied by gentlemen of sucli exalted cliaracter that they 
have reflected honor upon the position — first, by General George 
Cadwalader, of this city ; second, by General Winfield Scott 
Hancock, the Superb; next by Glorious Pliil Sheridan; and to-day, 
by an honored soldier, an ex-President of the United States 
Major-General Rutherford B. Hayes. The latter I now have the 
honor to present to you. 



General Hayes. The welcome you extend to our brethren 
from all parts of the Republic is, by them, appreciated for a host 
of reasons. The city of Philadelphia is famous this broad land 
over, for the work she did during the times that tried men's souls. 
Grateful for what you did then, we are grateful for what you do 
to-day in welcoming the survivors of the great conflict who are 
here. The number of the survivors is still large ; but when we 
think of the noted men who have gone from among us, we cannot 
but pause with a feeling of sadness that they are not with us to- 
night. All of the long list, from Grant to him who is in all our 
thoughts — whom this anniversary tells us to remember, at the 
beginning, at the close, and all the way through ; the man whom 
Providence gave us to be, as he was by the Constitution, Com- 
mander-in-Chief — Abraham Lincoln — all, all are in our thoughts. 

We celebrate to-night the Twenty-fifth Anniversary of the 
organization of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the 
United States. The founders of this Order, it perhaps may be 
fairly said, were the first among his countrymen to dedicate a 
monument to Abraliam Lincoln. Other memorials speedily 
followed — memorials in prose, in verse, in granite, in marble, 
in bronze, and in many other forms. The best minds in this 
country and abroad, the orators, the poets and the artists of all 
lands, have vied with each other to give expression, adequate 
expression if possible, to the thoughts of all good men when they 
meditate on Abraham Lincoln, on his character, on his deeds, 
and on his words, and when they reflect on the amazing vicissi- 
tudes and contrasts presented by his life and his death. From 
among the great number of such attempts there are some 
that always come to our minds wlien we think or speak on this 
subject. We shall always recall with a peculiar delight the poem 
of Tom Taylor, in the London Punch, which came to us from an 
unlooked-for quarter just at the time when the bitter agony and 
desolation of those frightful April days were hardest to bear, and 
when every precious word of consolation was indeed most wel- 
come. We cannot but remember also with unstinted admiration 
the noble lines of Lowell in his famous Commemoration Ode, 
recited at the Harvard memorial services, in honor of her fallen 



sons, when he hung that fitting and splendid wreath on Lincohi's 
" world-honored urn." All America has reason to prize the 
words of Emerson, wiser and shrewder than those of Plutarch, 
which he spoke to his friends and neighbors when they assembled 
to consider their grief and to mourn the death of Lincoln. Having 
named these three lofty tributes, I need not further extend the 
list of panegyrics inspired by tlie memory of Lincoln, in poetry 
and eloquence in all parts of the world. They bring us to a 
pivotal question — this Society of tiie Loyal Legion, what is it 
doing, what can it do, wliat can it strive to do, that is worthy of 
the fame of Lincoln? May I venture to change a single word in 
the familiar line of Coleridge so that it will read — 

" He prayeth best who doeth best." 

The question, then, is as to the work of Lincoln — as to what 
we can do to support and to advance that work. In the great 
conflict where he led, and in which it was our good fortune and 
our golden opportunity to follow, it has been wisely said, " ideas 
were behind the cannon and ideas pointed the musket." We 
are also told that the ancestor of noble deeds is always noble 
thoughts. Then the ideas, the thoughts, by which Lincoln be- 
came the type, the representative, the very incarnation of the 
spirit and purpose of the war, which we are coming to regard as 
almost divine — what were those ideas, what were those thoughts ? 
Our reply is. Humanity, anxious solicitude for the welfare of all 
mankind, hatred of wrong to the humblest human being, our 
common brotherhood, sympathy with the oppressed and the 
suffering. These sentiments, and sentiments like these, filling 
his soul and the guide of his life, are at once the secret and the 
sure foundation of the enduring place which Lincoln holds in the 
affections of all mankind. 

Nowhere, my Companions, can the lesson of his life be more 
fitly studied or more warmly cherished than in this Army Society, 
which traces its origin to that awful time when the ending of that 
life was felt as a personal bereavement by all who fought the good 
fight that was so ennobled and so consecrated by the death of its 
martyr chief. That lesson, while it contains almost the whole 



future of our country, is short and simple. Our America to-day 
is plainly approaching — nay, is it not drawing very near? — to 
the parting of the roads. Dazzled almost to blindness by con- 
templation of the unrivalled swiftness and splendor of her march 
to prestige, to power, to riches, and to glory, is there not danger 
that our country may be tempted to reject or neglect the message 
of Lincoln ? That message, often repeated by him in words, 
always exhibited in his life from his earliest to his latest days on 
earth, can be easily and amply given in a single sentence. His 
whole life, his whole being seemed to say to his country (and yet 
he understood the limitations of government, the limitations ot 
the law ; no man better than Lincoln understood that there are 
important things that government can not do and that law 
can not do ; and yet that life seemed to say, as his words often 
said) : " My countrymen, see to it that, so far as human laws and 
human conduct avail, every son and daughter of America shall 
have a fair start and an equal chance in the race of life." Reject 
or neglect this, and our government is republican in nothing but 
name, and that doom which the Almighty has appointed for all 
shams is not far off. On the other hand, let the American 
people — and especially let all who stood by Lincoln on the 
perilous edge of battle in support of the rights of human nature — 
remain steadfastly true to the ideas and the tlioughts for which 
they fought in the great War, and we shall thus do all that in us 
lies to link the destiny of our country to the stars and to entitle 
her institutions to share in that immortality wliich, under the al- 
lotment of Providence, in the affairs of nations belong only to 
eternal justice, in the dealings of man with his fellow man. 



10 



General Gregg. The history of Massachusetts in the War 
of the Rebellion is a very interesting one and is familiar to all, 
especially as to the large number of troops furnished by that 
grand old Commonwealth, the ability with which they were offi- 
cered, and the care that was taken of them by the home govern- 
ment. It is not surprising that, after the Military Order of the 
Loyal Legion was founded, one of the first to organize was the 
Commandery of Massachusetts. The delegation from that 
Commandery numbers many distinguished and prominent men, 
among others a very distinguished soldier who has added to his 
fame by his ability in the civil service of the nation, as a 
Cabinet Officer. I have the pleasure of presenting to you Major- 
General Charles Devens. 

General Devens. Companions of the Army and the Navy : 
1 congratulate you that we are assembled in such full numbers to 
celebrate the Twenty-fifth Anniversary of the formation of this 
Order. Survivors of many a hard-fought battle and many a des- 
perate day, you come alike from the long marches and fierce con- 
flicts which gave us possession of the South and West, from the 
banks of the Cumberland, Tennessee, and Mississippi, from the 
narrower, yet not less terrible field where the Army of the Poto- 
mac fought out finally to the bitter end its bloody and protracted 
duel with Ihe Army of Nortliern Virginia, and from every scene 
by land or sea made red by heroic strife. The mountain ranges, 
the deep bayous, the rich and broad plains, the mighty rivers of 
the fairest portion of a continent, attest your constancy and valor. 
Time as well as war has been generous to you in this, that for a 
quarter of a century it has permitted you to enjoy the just regard 
of a nation and the full fruition of your deeds. For this 
bounteous gift let us render the homage of grateful hearts. 

We are fortunate in the place where we assemble. The city 
of Philadelphia was the capital of our Revolutionary era. Here 
were proclaimed the birth and independence of the United States. 
Here, too, was framed that Constitution which is the crowning 
glory of the Revolution. The peace with Great Britain, in 
1783, had left us without a settled government and the discords 

11 



of jealous States had already appeared. The years that im- 
mediately followed were filled with profound distrust and anxious 
forebodings. The convention tiiat met here in 1787 made of 
these States a people and a nation. AVhere should those who 
offered their lives to defend that Constitution meet more happily 
or more proudly than in the city in which it received its birth ? 

Nor ought we to forget that in the hour of the Rebellion this 
city lost none of its ancient reputation for patriotism. Its gal- 
lant sons were among our earliest and bravest soldiers ; its gene- 
rous contributions, its sanitary commissions, its Christian com- 
missioners, its cordial supplies of provisions to the soldiers going 
to or returning from the front, its unfailing care of the sick and 
wounded, are embalmed in sacred remembrance. We, whose 
residence is to the North and East had from our position the 
largest share of this lavish hospitality. One who has been 
through here, as I have been, with a hungry regiment and seen 
every man bountifully fed, or has come, as I have come, a 
wounded soldier, and known the bounty of its citizens and the 
skill of its justly renowned surgeons, may certainly speak with 
something like personal feeling. 

^The Military Order of the Loyal Legion had its inception on 
that saddest day, at the conclusion of the Civil War, when 
humanity throughout the world was shocked by the death of 
Abraham Lincoln. In honor of that illustrious memory, and of 
the great cause for which we had fought, in recognition of the 
aifectionate friendships wiiich had been inspired among the offi- 
cers of the army then about to disband, in historic recollection of 
the Society of the Cincinnati wiiicli iiad embraced the officers of 
the Revolutionary Army, it was determined to form this Order; 
and at a meeting of a few officers in this city tlie initial steps 
were that day taken for its organization. It was the first of the 
military societies wliich followed, or rather accompanied, the 
close of the war. I do not intend to pursue the details of its his- 
tory, except to say, that when some time later the society of the 
Grand Army of the Republic was formed, intended to compre- 
hend all of whatever rank who had honorably served, no antago- 
nism was created to this, nor was any reason seen why, in its more 

12 



limited sphere, this might not also be properly maintained. To 
the Grand Army of the Republic we have always fully and cor- 
dially accorded as its rightful place the position of the great rep- 
resentative society which includes and gathers into itself every 
association of that whole American army which subdued the Re- 
bellion. That society has extended wide its generous and open- 
handed charity ; it has cherished the noblest patriotism, and if 
there are those of this association who are not also members of 
that, I urge them respectfully to join its ranks, and to give to it 
their cordial support in its purest and highest aims./ 

Of the officers who listen to me, many, almost a majority, have 
carried the musket and the knapsack in the ranks, and are justly 
proud that they have won their way by their own ability and 
determination. To some the possession of high military qualities 
may have given command, yet in all armies rank and promotion 
are often the result of circumstance and opportunity, and thus 
accident contributes to success. It was especially so in our own, 
springing as it did from the ground at once in answer to the call 
of an imperilled country. Long and faithful service to many a 
man brought only the proud consolation of duty nobly done, of 
sacrifice generously offered, and of that self-respect which one 
may well maintain, even in the humblest home. As I would 
speak to-night of all our armies as but one, so would I speak of 
those who_ composed it as but a single body of men. Side by 
side on many a field won by their valor, no useless coffins around 
their breasts, but wrapped in the blanket which is the soldier's 
martial shroud, officers and men await together the coming of 
the eternal day. Side by side those more fortunate, who have 
returned, have returned with equal claims to tlie regard and love 
of those for whom they fought. When one has done his whole 
duty, so far as his title to respect is concerned, it can and ought 
to make no difference whether he did it with the stars of the 
general or the eagles of the colonel on his shoulder, or in the 
simple jacket of the private. The fame of every general, even 
in the highest rank, must depend largely on the men whom he 
leads. However far-reaching and sagacious his plans may be, it 



is still by strong hands and stout hearts that they must be carried 
out and results achieved. 

When we consider how little adapted the education of the 
American citizen is to that system of discipline which is intended 
to make of the soldier a machine, in order that the pliysical 
strength and power of thousands may be wielded by the will of 
one alone, when we remember how prone we all of us are to 
criticise the acts of others or their orders and directions, we 
realize how difficult it must have been to yield that unquestion- 
ing obedience which is the necessary rule of the military service. 
Yet how generously they gave their confidence, how nobly they 
strove, sometimes in disaster, often under the most trying cir- 
cumstances, to execute the orders they received! To one who 
held any command the wish must often have come that he could 
have led them better and done more full justice to their merits. , 

Companions, we meet not merely for a few hours of social 
enjoyment, nor alone to renew our friendships formed, although 
many of them were when the death-shots were falling thick and 
fast ; we meet also to reassert our devotion to the great cause of 
the Constitution and the Union ; we meet to honor the memories 
of those who bravely died in that righteous cause, or who have 
passed from our side in the years that have followed, and to dedi- 
cate ourselves anew to country and to the great principles of 
liberty and justice. 

In the long annals of wars with which earth has been filled, it 
would be difficult to find many less justifiable than the War of the 
Rebellion. The flimsy dogma of the right of a State to secede 
from the Union at its own will and pleasure, and assert its 
sovereignty against that of the government of which it formed a 
component part, was a pretence only by which the leaders of the 
slave States sought to disguise their project of erecting an empire 
whose corner-stone was to be (to use Mr. Vice-President Stephens' 
own words) the system of slavery. 

Had any one in Philadelphia, in 1787, uttered the gloomy 
foreboding that every State might withdraw from the Union at 
its own pleasure, and that the Constitution had thus provided its 
own dissolution, his fears would have been scouted and laughed 



to scorn. He would have been told this Union is not one of 
States, but of the people of all the States — so it is expressly de- 
clared; as such alone can it be accepted. It was a necessity of 
the task that the framers of the Constitution had before them 
that the government they had met to form should include two 
classes of States. Nor did the difficulty appear to them so for- 
midable as it afterwards proved. Fresh from their own struggle 
for liberty, they could not but be conscious that this system was 
utterly inconsistent with the principles upon vvhicli a free govern- 
ment must rest ; yet they fully believed that it would die out and 
drift silently away. It was not thus to pass away — but in the 
wildest of storms and tempests that ever raged on sea or land ; 
but now that it is gone, earth and sky are fairer tlian before. 

Without dwelling on the various phases of the protracted con- 
troversy to which this system gave rise under the influence of 
men who were willing to sacrifice the Union to its perpetuity, 
the failure to make of Kansas a slave State, and the election of 
Mr. Lincoln had settled that there was to be no more slave 
territory added to the Union. Madly resolved to rule or ruin, 
those who controlled the public opinion of the South determined 
to dissolve the Union. No real grievance existed, but imaginary 
ones could be trumped up. No right of the Southern States 
was invaded, or even threatened. Tlie President-elect had 
solemnly pledged himself to protect them in every right ; nor 
could he if he would have done otherwise ; as while they re- 
mained, his administration would have had an adverse majority 
in both houses of Congress which they could substantially con- 
trol. But his election was made at once the occasion of secession 
by the cotton States which stood, however, alone during the 
anxious winter of 1860-61. The Union feeling was still strong 
in the States that lay north of them and they were as yet reluc- 
tant to take the decisive step. Something must be done to in- 
volve them, something to " fire the Southern heart," as the 
phrase of the day was, and to induce them to make a common 
cause ; and then the tempest of shot and shell was let loose upon 
Fort Sumter. The experiment had the success which was 
anticipated, and a success which was not anticipated, for if the 

16 



Southern heart was fired, so was the Northern also. How 
majestic was that uprising, how former political differences were 
forgotten, how strongly all felt that the great tie of American 
citizenship was above all party — I do not need to remind you. 
There were not wanting those, aghast at the gulf of fire that 
seemed opening before us, who said let the " wayward sisters go 
in peace ;" there were not wanting others, who, deeply sensible 
of the evils of slavery, were ready to grasp at the opportunity 
of separating from the States which tolerated it. The loyal 
head of the country was wiser, the loyal heart of the country 
truer than this. As the startling news flew from city to city 
and village to village, east and west, that our flag had been in- 
sulted and trampled upon, and the integrity of our government 
assailed, the stern tones of the answer of the people always came 
back, " the United States is a nation competent to assert its own 
sovereignity, and to subdue and punish traitors." To them the 
Union was not a rope of sand to be blown about by every breeze, 
or washed away by a summer sea, but a chain whose golden links 
were strong as adamant. Forged in the fire of that great strife 
which had finally separated us from the most powerful nation on 
the earth, it was clear that if the Union were once destroyed, all 
hope of erecting any stable government upon its ruins must for 
the time be abandoned. The conflicts of discordant States were 
before us, grinding against each other their bloody edges in fierce 
contentions, which like the wars of the Saxon Heptarchy would 
be worth no more to the advancement of the world than the wars 
of the Kites and Crows. Nor if two distinct confederacies could 
have been framed, was permanent peace between them possible. 
Two great systems of civilization were front to front and face to 
face. The conflict in arms, to which we had been summoned by 
the cannon which bombarded Fort Sumter, was indeed irrepressi- 
ble. It was a necessity of empire that one or the other should 
conquer. Rich and broad as the continent is, with its great 
gateways on the Atlantic and the Pacific seas, it was not broad 
enough for both. 



It was a great elemental struggle, where the differences had 
their origin in the foundations of society itself. There are times 
in the history of nations when the conduct of its wars may be left 
to its regular forces; yet no such time had come to us. It was 
a war of the people, waged unhappily against a portion of the 
same people, yet not the less in obedience to the plainest princi- 
ples of justice and right. Nor let it ever be forgotten that 
although the leaders of the Rebellion were successful in draw- 
ing into it most of the States of the South, there were true men 
everywhere who never yielded and never faltered in their allegi- 
ance. If I could properly give a warmer welcome to any above 
others, it should be to the gallant soldiers of Kentucky and 
Tennessee, of Maryland, West Virginia, Missouri, and other 
States of the South, who came to rejoice our hearts and 
strengthen our hands. 

It was in the feeling of the most exalted patriotism that the 
national army was formed, and the men who composed it em- 
braced all that was purest and bravest in the young life of a 
nation. Counting all the cost, recoanizinK all the danger, the 
path of duty before them was plain, and they followed it. Ko 
doubt the blood of youth was high in their veins, and they 
looked forward not unwillingly to the stern joy of the conflict ; 
but love of country was still the great moving principle which 
actuated them. It is not a penalty, it is a just responsibility, 
that a government founded by a people should look to them for 
its legitimate defence. Certainly, I would speak neither to- 
night, nor at any other time, any words of harshness or unkind- 
ness individually of those with whom we were lately at war. 
There is no body of men more anxious to be at peace with all 
their countrymen than are the soldiers of the national army ; 
there are no utterances more cordial in favor of a generous 
oblivion and forgetfulness than are theirs ; but they cannot, and 
they ought not forget that the cause for which those who opposed 
them stood was gravely wrong. It is the cause for which our 
brave have died that forever sets them apart among the mjriads 
who people the silent cities of the dead. Let us be generous to 
those with whom we had to contend, but let us be just to our 



own. We willingly do honor to their courage and valor, but 
those high qualities have sometimes gilded with a false light 
causes which cannot command the approval of the world or bear 
the clear, white light of time. We know the allowances whicli 
must be made for erroneous beliefs, for mistaken education, for 
old associations, for the example of others, even for temporary 
feeling and passion. Let us make them freely. Yet, when all 
are made, neither the living nor the dead of a great and holy 
cause can be confounded with those who fell in the wretched 
struggle to destroy a nation or erect a system of government false 
to the great principles of liberty. Their cause, as well as ours, 
is rapidly passing into history. Before that great tribunal we 
are ready to hold up our hands and plead and answer. Nor 
shall we fear that its verdict can be otherwise than that it was 
the cause of order against disorder, of just and righteous govern- 
ment against rebellion, of liberty against slavery. If it be less 
than this, then was Mr. Jefferson Davis the patriot he has been 
somewhere lately eulogized, and we, and the brave who offered 
their lives with us, but successful traitors. 

It is not for us here to review, even in the most cursory way, 
the events of that tremendous struggle. Such would be the office 
of the historian, not of the casual speaker. The problem before 
us we underrated in the beginning, nor since have we taken the 
credit which is fairly due for overcoming its difficulties. To con- 
duct a war over such an extended territory with success, to seize 
and hold its strategic points in the midst of a hostile and warlike 
population, to maintain the lengthened lines of communication 
for armies operating far from their base, was an enterprise un- 
paralleled in its demand for men and resources. That the con- 
test must broaden into one for the liberty of all men, and that the 
plague spot which had troubled the peace of the Union must be cut 
out by the surgeon's knife, was obvious from the first. The year 
1862 stands forever memorable as including one of those events 
whose occurrence marks the opening of a new era, and showed 
that the great bell of time has struck another hour. "I had 
made a solemn vow," says Mr. Lincoln himself, "that if General 
Lee was driven from Maryland I would crown the result by a 



declaration of freedom to the slaves." That vow was faithfully 
kept, for on the Monday which followed the information that the 
battle of Antietam was won, this was issued, to be followed on 
January 1 by the more formal proclamation which declared all 
persons to be free within the insurgent States, stating the act to 
be demanded by military necessity, and invoking upon it "the 
considerate judgment of mankind and the gracious favor of Al- 
mighty God." Such an act was, from its very nature, irrev- 
ocable. On that day the shifting sands of concession and 
compromise passed from under the feet of the American people, 
and they planted them firmly on the great rocks of liberty and 
justice to all men, to be moved therefrom, we will believe, no 
more forever. 

The succeeding year witnessed tlie splendid victory of Gettys- 
burg, which, accompanying the fall of Vicksburg, marks definitely 
the culminating point of the conflict by the joint triumph of the 
Eastern and Western armies, aided by our gallant navy. Although 
the waves were to come again and yet again, no wave was to come 
higher than that which was dashed back in clouds of broken, dis- 
solving spray as it struck the iron wall of the infantry of the Army 
of the Potomac. The causes of the movement of the Confederate 
army into Pennsylvania were never fully stated by General Lee. 
He intimates distinctly in bis report that others existed than those 
of a purely military character. Without doubt, among thera was 
the hope to'break something of the force of the impending fall of 
Vicksburg, which, grasped in the iron embrace of Grant and the 
Army of the Tennessee, must soon surrender. A victory won on 
Northern soil would do this. It is the good fortune of the patriotic 
State in which we stand that it contains within its borders not 
only this memorable field, but that its fame is allied to the victory 
by the memory of three of its most illustrious commanders. The 
calm and judicious Meade, whose wisdom brought about tlie en- 
counter in which the enemy was obliged to attack, and in which 
the Army of the Potomac was able for once to stand on the defen- 
sive ; the splendid Hancock, the idol of the Potomac Army, 
whose fiery words and majestic presence infused into all around 
hira something of the courage of his own daring heart, are gone 

19 



to-day. They lived long enough to be assured of the honor and 
love in which they were held by their countrymen ; but on the 
field and at the head of the First Corps died Reynolds, then, as 
always, unassuming, modest, brave, contributing nobly to that 
victory whose fruits be was never to enjoy. Yet where could 
man die better than in the defence of bis native State, his life- 
blood mingling with the soil on which he first drew breath? The 
4tli of July, 1863, was the pi'oudest day which up to that time 
the Union arms bad ever known, for the cannon which ushered 
in a nation's natal day were mingled with those which told through 
the North the victory of Gettysburg, and were echoed and 
re-echoed from the West and South along with those which in 
thunder tones announced that Vicksburg had fallen and that the 
Mississippi ran "unvexed to the sea." 

The terrible year of 1864 was yet to come. The control of all 
the armies was to pass into the Iiands of General Grant alone, 
and to be directed by his single will. The west of the Alle- 
ghenies was secure under the direction of Sherman, and as he 
made his great march from Chattanooga to Atlanta, and from 
Atlanta to the sea, the conflicts of the Army of the Potomac 
with its formidable opponent were to be renewed again and again 
on such desperate fields as the Wilderness, Spotsylvania, and 
Cold Harbor. In the spring of 1865 that great army moved to 
its last series of battles, and the surrender of Appomattox fol- 
lowed. The sword of Lee was laid in the conquering hand of 
Grant, and the War of the Rebellion was over. Henceforward 
no shot was to be fired in anger, and the surrender of the other 
armies of the Confederacy followed. No executions, no harsh 
punishments were to mark its close ; yet under God the Union 
had received a new birth of freedom, and, purified by the fires 
through which it had passed, had risen grander and more august 
among nations. 

/ Silently as snow-flakes melt into the sea, the men who com- 
posed our armies passed into the general life of that community 
which they had saved, yet not as drones or idlers, but to carry 
with them into the occupations of peace the lessons of courage, 
fidelity, and patriotism, which they had learned on the grim 

20 



fields of war. Tlieir bugles will wake no more the morning 
echoes as they salute with their reveille the coming day ; the 
descending night will hear no more the rolling tattoo of their 
drums; their cannon long since have uttered their last note of 
defiance or of victory ; yet impartial history shall record that no 
army was ever assembled with higher aims and loftier purposes, 
none more ardent with the sacred flame of patriotism, none 
more calm and resolute in disaster, and none more generous and 
forgiving in victory. So long as the flag that it bore at the head 
of its marching columns shall wave above a free and united peo- 
ple, it shall be remembered with gratitude that in its day and 
generation it did for this country deeds worthy of immortal 
honor, and that the army that preserved is worthy to stand side 
by side with the army that achieved the liberty of the Republicy'^ 

The material evidences of the conflict pass rapidly away. 
The earthworks with which the land was covered sink to the 
level of the surrounding soil, and scarp and counterscarp meet 
in the ditch that once divided them. So let the evil feelings it 
engendered fade away. It is marked definitely only by the great 
amendments to the Constitution of the United States. That 
these embody more than its fair results, that they are intended 
to do more than to state in a definite and permanent form the 
principles of justice, freedom, equality before the law for all men, 
that they should be fully and generously obeyed, cannot be seri- 
ously contested. The victory gained was for the South as well 
as the North. Already in agriculture, formerly almost her only 
source of revenue, her production has vastly increased, while the 
opening of mines, the development of manufactures, the rise of 
great towns and cities, where formerly existed but scattered ham- 
lets, attest the inspiration she has caught from freedom. Year 
by year, as time rolls on, she is destined to feel the influences of 
that steady force which is impelling the country forward, nor 
will she lag behind in the march of peace and prosperity. 

Companions, while we have a right to rejoice in all that brave 
hearts and strong arms have won, no occasion that draws to- 
gether those who survive of the armies of the Union can be one 
of unmixed joy. With proud memories come also those that 



are grave and sad. Nor if I recall those who are gone before us, 
would I do so to diminish one jot or tittle of the pleasure of our 
present gathering, but ratiier to ennoble and dignify it. I would 
remember them as each one of us would wish to be recalled in 
the hour of decent mirth and of social enjoyment, when hand 
clasps Land in friendship and mutual esteem. There are no 
words which can render a just tribute to those whose deeds are 
their true eulogy ; there is no lionor too high for those who gave 
their lives willingly rather than that a single star should be ob- 
scured on the mighty shield on which are emblazoned the arms 
of the Union. 

Nor do you need to be reminded how many have passed away 
since the war, and how steadily the fierce artillery of time is 
doing its work. Close up the ranks as best we can, we are an 
army to which there come no recruits. Generous as is this 
gathering at our Twenty-fifth Anniversary, how few can expect 
to join in its fiftieth ! Without doubt there will be some who 
will with more feeble voices seek to raise the ringing cheer with 
which we once answered the rebel yell, even if soon they too 
must yield to the common lot of man. The chiefs of this organi- 
zation, the predecessors of its present Commander, who I trust 
may long be spared — General Cadwalader, that model of a gen- 
tleman and soldier, tlie splendid Hancock, the fiery and impetu- 
ous Sheridan — all are gone. Yet let me not mention names, 
lest by mentioning some I might seem to omit others equally 
worthy, save the great name of Grant alone. He was the Com- 
mander of all the armies, to his trumpet call each one of us has 
answered, and to him it was given to end our great strife with a 
victory which enabled him to exclaim, " Let us have peace." 

How many are missing to-day at the roll call you know but 
too well. Even if our voices may falter and our utterances 
choke as the name of some honored chieftain who has led us 
rises to our lips, or of some dear friend, it may be, who has 
shared our mess and our blanket, we recall them in honor, and 
not in sorrow. So would we remember all, not alone the great 
chiefs who urged forward the onset of mighty battalions, but the 
humblest, faithful soldier who did his duty manfully. Wherever 

22 



those gallant spirits have passed to their long repose, whether 
they sleep in the bayous of the Mississippi, or by the waters of 
the Potomac, the Cumberland, or the Tennessee, in the tangled 
wild-wood, or in the shadow of their own homes with the monu- 
mental marble high above their breasts, all in memory are 
welcome here. "The whole earth," says Pericles, "is the sepul- 
chre of illustrious men," and our mountains seem to lift their 
heads more loftily for the brave who lie upon their crests, and 
our rivers to move to the sea with a prouder sweep for those 
whose life-blood has mingled with their streams : — 

" They fell devoted but undying ; 
The very gale their names seems sighing, 
The waters murmur of their name, 
The woods are peopled with their fame, 
The meanest rill, the mightiest river, 
Roll mingling with their fame forever." 

Nor, Companions, in this hour, do we fail to remember him, 
not a soldier indeed, but to whose military capacity, developed 
by years of anxious study, tardy justice is just beginning to be 
done, who was, by the Constitution, the Commander of its army 
and navy, the then President of the United States — him upon 
whom the faith of all citizens and soldiers, old or young, rich or 
poor, alike, had rested secure during those terrible years, and 
whose own heart was large enough to embrace in love and 
charity allthat people over whom Providence had placed him to 
be their ruler and guide in the supreme hour of their destiny. 
Twenty-five years ago to-day he passed from the ranks of living 
men, yet each year has added to that pure and splendid fame. 
Every record, every newly discovered act or letter which loving 
industry brings to light, but serves to reveal how kind and good, 
how wise and great he was. 

On the day after its capture, when he visited Richmond, it 
was my own good fortune to ride side by side with him in the 
headquarters' army wagon which conveyed him through the 
streets of that city so long the citadel of the Confederacy He 
seemed weary and tired, graver than I had ever seen him, less 
rejoicing in the triumph that had been won tlian anxious about 



the new problems looming up before him. It may be that I 
interpret the recollections of that hour in the baleful light of the 
dreadful tragedy that so soon followed ; yet, as I recall it, he 
seemed to me like one who felt that his life's work was done, and 
who would willingly rest from his labors, that his works might 
follow him. The ways of Providence are not always ours ; it 
may be that it was decreed that this great life should end in the 
very hour of victory by the assassin's hand, because it was seen 
by a wider vision than we possess that to that life of self-sacrifice 
and patriotic devotion, the noblest close was that which has in- 
vested him forever with the martyr's crown. It is not always to 
those who achieve success that its temporal enjoyment is granted ; 
the reward of high heroic souls is in tlieir own sense of duty per- 
formed, of trial and sacrifice resolutely endured, in the conscious- 
ness that others will reap all for wiiich they have bravely striven. 

In the older Scriptures the stately figure of the great Hebrew 
law-giver and warrior stands on the lonely hill in the land 
of Moab to gaze out over the Promised Land, which it is de- 
creed he shall never enter. Fair before him stretch the fertile 
fields, yet no crops from them shall ever fill his garners. The 
sparkling waters dance in the sunlight, yet no draught from them 
shall ever refresh his weary lips. He has crossed at the head of 
the children of Israel the stormy waters of the Eed Sea ; he has 
led them through the forty years of wandering in the wilderness. 
For them the hour of enjoyment has come ; his work is done ; 
for him it remains but to rest in his lonely grave. So to this our 
Moses, who had led us througli the Red Sea of Rebellion, is 
vouchsafed but a glimpse of the Promised Land, as he passes 
from mortal sight forever. 

" Beautiful upon the mountains," says the prophet Isaiah, " are 
the feet of him that bringeth good tidings." Yet as the messen- 
gers approach we see that their countenances are grave, that their 
garments are worn, that their feet are torn by the flinty way ; but 
beautiful are they still for the glad tidings which they bear. 
And as in imagination there rises again before us the tall figure 
of Abraham Lincoln, not graceful according to the rules of classic 
art, yet not without its own simple majesty; as we behold again 

24 



that rugged countenance, deep graven with the lines of princely 
care, we see it illumined with a nobler light than the cunning 
hand of the Greek could give to the massive brow of the Olympian 
Jupiter ; beautiful in the radiance of truth and justice, while the 
scroll that he holds in his strong right hand bears the glad 
tidings of liberty to all men. 

Companions, my brief task is ended. In the conflict and in 
the years that have followed, half of what were once our numbers, 
it is probable, have passed the barrier that separates the seen 
from the unseen world. They are the advance of that army of 
which we are the rear-guard. Somewhere they have halted for 
us, somewhere they are waiting for us. Steadily we are closing 
up to them. Let us sling on our knapsacks as of old, let us 
cheerily forward in the full faith that by fidelity to duty, by 
loyalty to liberty, by devotion to the country which is the mother 
of us all, we are one army still. 



DESCRIPTIVE FANTASIA. 

BAND OP THE UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS. 

Ad Episode in a Soldier's Life, or RecollectionB of the War 
iDtTodaclng 

The camp at night 
Around the fire 

The boys sing " Annie Laurie " 
The enemy attempts a surprise 
The battle 

The return to camp 

The band heard in the distance 
Gradually drawing nearer 
" The Vacant Chair" 

A dream of "Home, Sweet Home" 
Drummer's call 
' Glory Hallelujah" The warning gun 

Surgeon's call The Reveille 

Stable call The Assembly 

Breakfast call 

First call for Guard 

Assembly of Guard details 
To the color 

Boots and Saddles 

The flfe and drum corps 
Recall 

Roast Beef — Dinner call 

" Marching through Georgia" 
The Retreat 
Band concert " The Mocking Bird" Sunset gun 

Tattoo 

" The Star-Spangled Banner" 

Extinguish lights, or Taps 



General Gregg. When the Rebellion burst upon the coun- 
try, cue of our citizens had reached the zenith of his fame in 
his profession. He was the peer of all great actors. His soul 
fired with patriotism, be quit the stage and thereafter devoted 
iiimself to the service of the soldiers. Everywhere in the North 
where there was an association to raise funds for the benefit of 
soldiers his talents were employed ; and in the camps he cheered 
the heart of many a soldier by his excellent and admirable reci- 
tations. I have the pleasure of presenting the venerable Pro- 
fessor and Companion James E. Murdoch. 

READINGS. 

PROF. JAMES E. MURDOCH. 
THE AMERICAN FLAG. 

DBAKE. 

When freedom from lier mountain-lieight, 

Unfurl'd her standard to the air, 
She tore the azure robe of night, 

And set the stars of glory there ; 
She mingled with its gorgeous dyes 
The milky baldric of the skies. 
And striped its pure celestial white 
With streakings of the morning light ; 
Then from his mansion in the sun 
She call'd her eagle-bearer down, 
And gave into his mighty hand 
The symbol of her chosen land. 

Majestic monarch of the cloud ! 

Who rear'st aloft thy regal form. 
To hear the tempest-trumpings loud. 
And see the lightning lances driven, 

When strive the warriors of the storm, 
And rolls the thunder-drum of heaven — 
Child of the sun ! to thee 'tis given 

To guard the banner of the free. 
To hover iu the sulphur-smoke. 
To ward away the battle-stroke, 
And bid its blendinga shine afar, 
Like rainbows on the cloud of war, 

The harbingers of victory I 

27 



Flag of the brave ! thy folds shall fly, 
The sign of hope and triumph high, 
When speaks the signal trumpet-tone. 
And the long line comes gleaming on ; 
Ere yet the life-hlood, warm and wet, 
Has dimm'd the glistening bayonet. 
Each soldier eye shall brightly turn, 
To where thy sky-born glories burn. 
And as his springing steps advance 
Catch war and vengeance from the glance. 
And when the cannon-mouthings loud 
Heave in wild wreaths the battle shroud. 
And gory sabres rise and fall 
Like shoots of flame on midnight's pall, 
Then shall thy meteor glances glow, 

And cowering foes shall sink beneath 
Each gallant arm that strikes below 

That lovely messenger of death. 

Flag of the seas ! on ocean wave 
Thy stars shall glitter o'er the brave ; 
When death, careering on the gale, 
Sweeps darkly round the bellied sail. 
And frighted waves rush wildly back 
Before the broadside's reeling rack. 
Each dying wanderer of the sea 
Shall look at once to heaven and thee, 
And smile to see thy splendors fly 
In triumph o'er his closing eye. 

Flag of the free heart's hope and home I 

By angel hands to valor given ; 
Thy stars have lit the welkin dome, 

And all thy hues were born in heaven. 
For ever float that standard sheet ! 

Where breathes the foe but falls before us. 
With freedom's soil beneath onr feet, 

And freedom's banner streaming o'er us I 



28 



COMRADES KNOWN IN MARCHES MANY. 

COMPANION CHARLES G. HALPINE. 

" Comrades known in marches many, 
Comrades tried in dangers many, 
Comrades bound by memories many, 

Brothers evermore are we ; 
Wounds or sickness may divide us, 
Marching orders may divide us, 
But, whatever fate betide us. 

Brothers of the heart are we. 

" Comrades known by faith the clearest, 
Tried when death was near and nearest. 
Bound we are by ties the dearest, 

Brothers evermore to be ; 
And, if spared and growing older, 
Shoulder still in line with shoulder, 
And with hearts no thrill the colder, 

Brothers ever we shall be. 

" By communion of the banner, 
Battle-scarred but victor banner, 
By the baptism of the banner. 

Brothers of one church are we ; 
Creed nor faction can divide us ; 
Race nor language can divide us. 
Still, whatever fate betide us, 

Brothers of the heart are we !" 



IN MEMORIAM— ABRAHAM LINCOLN. 

ADDRESS DELIVERED AT THE DEDICATION OF THE CEMETERY AT 
GETTYSBURG, NOVEMBER 19, 1863. 

"Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this 
continent a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the 
proposition that all men are created equal. 

"Now we are engaged in a great civil war ; testing whether tliat na- 
tion, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. 
We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedi- 
cate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here 
gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting 
and proper that we should do this. 

" But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate — we cannot consecrate — 
we cannot hallow — this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who 
struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or 
detract. The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say 
here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, 
rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who 
fought here liave thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be 
here dedicated to the great task remaining before us — that from these 
honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they 
gave the last full measure of devotion — that we here highly resolve that 
these dead shall not have died in vain — that this nation, under God, 
shall have a new birth of freedom — and that government of the people, 
by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth." 



30 



O, CAPTAIN I MY CAPTAIN ! 



WALT WHITMAN. 



0, Captain ! my Captain ! our fearful trip is done ; 

The ship has weather'd every rack, the prize we sought is won ; 
The port is uear, the bells I hear, the people all exulting, 

While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring. 
But O, heart I heart I heart I 

0, the bleeding drops of red. 
Where on the deck my Captain lies, 
Fallen cold and dead. 

O, Captain ! my Captain I rise up and hear the bells ; 

Rise up — for you the flag is flung — for you the bugle trills ; 
For you bouquets andribbon'd wreaths — for you the shores a-crowding 
For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning. 
Here, Captain ! dear father ! 

This arm beneath your head ; 

It is some dream that on the deck 

You've fallen cold and dead. 

My Captain'does not answer, his lips are pale and still ; 

My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will ; 
The ship is anchor'd safe and sound, its voyage closed and done ; 
From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won. 
Exult, shores, and ring bells I 

But I, with mournful tread. 
Walk the deck my Captain lies, 
Fallen cold and dead. 



OUR MARTYR CHIEF. 
From the Commemoration Ode. 

LOWELL. 

Life may "be given in many ways, 

And loyalty to truth be sealed 

As bravely iu the closet as in the field, 

So generous is Fate ; 

But then to stand beside lier, 

When craven churls deride her, 
To front a lie in arms and not to yield — 

This shows, methinks, God's plan 

And measure of a stalwart man, 

Limbed like the old heroic breeds. 

Who stands self-poised on manhood's solid earth. 

Not forced to frame excuses for his birth, 
Fed from within with all the strength he needs. 

Such was he, our Martyr-Chief, 

Whom late the Nation he had led, 

With ashes on her head, 
Wept with the passion of an angry grief ; 
Forgive me, if from present things I turn 
To speak what in my heart will beat and burn. 
And hang my wreath on his world-honored urn. 

Nature, they say, doth dote, 

And cannot make a man 

Save on some worn out plan. 

Repeating us by rote ; 
For him her Old-World mould aside she threw. 

And, choosing sweet clay from the breast 

Of the unexhausted West, 
With stuff untainted shaped a hero new, 
Wise, steadfast in the strength of God, and true. 

How beautiful to see 
Once more a shepherd of mankind indeed, 
Who loved his charge, but never loved to lead ; 
One whose meek flock the people joyed to be. 

Not lured by any cheat of birth. 

But by his clear-grained human worth, 



And brave old wisdom of sincerity ! 

They knew that outward grace is dust ; 

They could not choose but trust 
In that sure-footed mind's unfaltering skill, 

And supple-tempered will 
That bent like perfect steel to spring again and thrust. 

Nothing of Europe here, 
Or, then, of Europe fronting mornward still, 

Ere any names of Serf and Peer 

Could Nature's equal scheme deface ; 

Here was a type of the true elder race. 
And one of Plutarch's men talked with us face to face. 

His was no lonely mountain-peak of mind, 

Thrusting to thin air o'er our cloudy bars, 

A seamark now, now lost in vapors blind ; 
Broad prairie rather, genial, level-lined, 

Fruitful and friendly for his humankind, 
Yet also known to Heaven and friend with all its stars. 

I praise him not ; it were too late ; 
And some innative weakness there must be 
In him who condescends to victory 
Such as the present gives, and cannot wait. 

Safe in himself as in a fate. 

So always iirmly he ; 

He knew to bide his time. 

And can his fame abide, 
Still patient in his simple faith sublime, 
• Till the wise years decide. 

Great captains, with their guns and drums, 

Disturb our judgment for the hour, 

But at last silence comes ; 
These all are gone, and, standing like a tower, 
Our children shall behold his fame. 

The kindly-earnest, brave, foreseeing man, 
Sagacious, patient, dreading praise, not blame. 
New birth of our new soil, the first American. 



33 



General Gregg. To introduce to an audience such as this, of 
old soldiers and their sympathizing friends, the General-in-Cliief 
of tlie Army, would be presumption. I have the pleasure of 
presenting General Schofield. 

Gen. Schofip:ld. Companions and Ladies and Gentlemen : 
The great sacrifices made by the people of this country in the 
long struggle for tlie preservation of the Union liave been returned 
in blessings upon the nation in many forms. One of the most 
notable of these is in the development, for the first time in the 
history of the nation, of the military system peculiar to this 
country. The gallant soldiers who learned the art of war in 
four years of service in the field, have by their inspiration, their 
leadership and instruction, developed the militia ol the States of 
the Union, or National Guard, into the character and positions 
which properly belong to them in the military system of the 
United States. This system was not constructed by our fore- 
fathers upon the model of that of any other nation, nor did they 
attempt to build it in accordance with any well-defined military 
theory, but left it to develop and grow through the necessities of 
the country and by the application of well-established military 
principles. Hence that system has always been, in its imperfect 
state, as well as now in its more highly developed state, essenti- 
ally different in many important respects from the system of any 
other country. The most notable perhaps of its characteristics 
is the composition of the armies of the United States, viz., the 
exceedingly small proportion of the regular establishment, the 
much larger proportion of tiie organized militia or National Guard, 
and the vastly greater proportion of the reserve forces upon which 
the country relies in a time of war. The next characteristic is 
in the high character of the men who compose the line and staff 
(I speak of the organized forces of the State militia as well as 
of the regular army), the excellent discipline and the degree of 
instruction maintained in those forces, of which the type is found 
in the Military Academy. Starting there with the broadest 
possible democratic theory of selection and then, by a process of 
elimination such as is known nowhere else in the world, those 

84 



not sufficiently capable are sent to their homes and those alone 
who survive this ordeal are chosen to serve the United States. 
A similar process is enforced with regard to the rank and file. 
By a process of elimination, the unworthy are cast out and those 
alone are retained whom the people can rely upon under all cir- 
cumstances to execute their will as expressed in the laws. 

The same characteristic is found among the National Guard of 
the several States. Nowhere in the world is there a force which, 
at so little cost and with so little expenditure of time, is made so 
reliable a force for the execution of the laws of a free people. 

But, above all, in this country the most striking characteristic 
of the military system is its control by the civil administra- 
tion. Here, not only in name, but in fact, the Chief Civil 
Magistrate is the Commander-in-Chief of the Army and of the 
Navy. Not only is his will, under the law, the only authority 
for the movements and operations of the Army ; but in the 
details of administration, in every detail of command, either 
the will of the Chief Magistrate himself or of his chosen repre- 
sentative, fresh from the people themselves, is found in every 
part of the service, both military and naval. It may be that 
such a system is not, according to any well-defined theory, a 
perfect system. Be it so. It is the system which the people 
of the United States want. It is the system by which the mili- 
tary power of the nation is made subservient absolutely to the 
national will. Under it, the soldier can have no motive of action 
but duty, he can know no authority but the law and the ministers 
of the law chosen by the people, and he can have no ambition 
higher than that of public approbation of duty well performed. 



General Gregg. All soldiers, wherever they have served, 
whether in the Army of the Potomac or in the Western Army, 
knew General Howard. I now present that gentleman to you. 

General Howard. Companions of the Army and Navy and 
Friends : It really seems to me too late, at this hour, for me to 
present anything but an endorsement of what has been said and 

36 



so well said. This I can well do, as I have been accustomed in 
one or two organizations with which I have been connected to 
say "Amen." I have, however, prepared a brief paper, which 
I have here, and I will try your patience by reading it. It is as 
follows : — 

" Loyal Legion." It is an expressive name. The term 
" Loyalty," long so called, was not a little discredited during 
our Revolution ; yet I heard a man the other day claiming most 
earnestly the genuine aristocracy of his family on tlie ground that 
his great-grandfather, an inhabitant of New York, was loyal to 
Great Britain during the entire Revolutionary struggle, and that 
this worthy ancestor ever fought gallantly against the Yankees 
during the war. 

The loyalty itself was all right but, over here, we believe 
it was misdirected — the possessor of that loyal spirit should 
have moved over into his Majesty's Kingdom, as Arnold did, 
and there laid the corner-stone of his proud family mansion. 

Our reconstructed friends say that our Government Loyalty 
was just like that of the British-American Tories — whereas tney 
themselves were all right according to the Revolutionary language, 
that is, at their worst only Rebel patriots. We see a vast differ- 
ence. Of old, the Tory was loyal to the oppressor. The rebel- 
ling patriot was loyal to the principles of individual liberty. Of 
late we were loyal to the Union and to the perpetuation of indi- 
vidual liberty. Against these, the Union and individual liberty, 
the Confederate confessedly drew his angry bow, and aimed his 
heaviest catapault. 

This organization, " The Loyal Legion," has a sweet allitera- 
tion to the patriots who thought and spoke and fought for the 
Union and ior individual liberty to be regulated by law. They 
cherish the idea that the sons who are made eligible to the Loyal 
Legion will take up their father's plans and perfect them, that 
they will seize upon our country's problems which are not yet 
fully solved and complete them. Loyalty fought long and hard, 
amid many dark hours and awful discouragements ; but she finally 
gained Iier Gettysburg, Vicksburg, Atlanta, Nashville, and Appo- 
mattox. Loyalty gave freedom to every slave within the Union. 



Loyalty gave the right to tlie freed people to testify in the courts 
of law. Loyalty saved the old Constitution beyond peradven- 
ture and then amended it. 

With many misgivings, almost under compulsion, because verily 
there was no place in a Government by the people for a nonde- 
script crowd that was not of the people, loyalty extended the 
great privilege of citizenship to the men of dusky faces. Loy- 
alty opened wide its arms and said to all Confederates, " Come 
back to Army, Navy, Courts, and Congress. You are most 
welcome." 

And now a set of croakers tell us that loyalty has been too 
ardent, and so multiplied mistakes ; they declare that that 
grand suffrage was a folly, and that grand forgiveness a humbug. 
Let us not believe them. These are no longer subjects demand- 
ing discussion, they are principles forever settled. We thank 
God that Jefferson Davis was allowed to live his life, and 
speak his thoughts, erroneous as they were. They could not 
harm us after the war, because we were strong enough to stand 
the strain. Strikes, mobs, lynch-law operations, white caps, 
shot-gun gangs, Kentucky-Tennessee and North Carolina family 
feuds are deplorable, but they will not last; for they are but the 
surgings of the small sea of wrongdoings against the rocks of 
loyalty. The true loyal soul is guarded ever by more than ten 
legions of armed helpers, seen and unseen. The battle ever 
goes on, and as God is God in spite of Agnostics, the right 
must sooner or later prevail. 

Ballot-box stuffing is hideous. It strikes the meanest kinds 
of blows at the corner-stone of our liberties. Yes, but behold the 
quick expedients that loyalty devises with some self-acting con- 
trivance to hamper fraud and smother it to death. Many a 
patriot is hindered from voting, some are maltreated and some 
are killed. Yes, we know it and we mourn over it. Yet things 
are better than they were forty years ago, when hundreds of 
thousands of men didn't dare to say that tl)eir souls were their 
own ; when their faces were so doughy that a few resolute tyrants 
could turn them and shape them as they pleased. Oppressors 
cannot last long, because loyalty is so abundant, so out-spoken. 



and so strong. Our loyal children will take up the easier prob- 
lems that we bequeath and solve them. They are loyal sons and 
we can trust them. We only see a prolonged sorrow, and a 
postponed jubilee in the vestige of injustice which some of our 
present law-givers foster. And so witiiout losing hope we call 
upon our loyal sons to keep our old banners flying, stimulating 
them with the cry that " God is the God of all men," and that 
wrong perpetuated upon his weakest child within our borders, 
no matter whence he came, is a disloyalty to Him and the prin- 
ciples we have so successfully established. 

Our Constitution is a veritable Goddess. She has reached the 
highest production plane. She surrounds herself with rich fruit- 
age throughout this Continent. She smiles at England immersed 
in a turbid lake of musty old laws, trying in vain to give her 
dear Ireland more liberty. She sorrows over France wlio has 
chained her intrinsic power to a single assembly and understands 
not our triple strength. France, with her Sunday elections, 
without checks and balances. She calls to all limited monarch- 
ies " Come, and see, and imitate, and live." She beckons the poor 
frightened Tzar to her plane of peace and safety. Hurrah for 
the Old Constitution. Our loyal souls thank God and fear not 
for our own America when they behold her lofty seat and her 
protecting aegis. 



General Gregg. Pennsylvanians, I do not address myself to 
you. I address myself to our visiting Companions, whether from 
Maine, Oregon, California, or elsewhere. I present the honored 
Governor of the Commonwealth, Brig.-General James A. Beaver. 

Gen. Beaver. Beauty for ashes, life for death, fragrance for 
decay — this is the lesson of the spring time, this is the lesson 
which the glorious sun is shining upon us as we come to this 
honored gathering. It is an evidence of the great compensating 
law of nature. It is illustrating itself in this resurrection time 
of the spring, when the springing blade and the swelling bud are 
giving gladness to the earth and blessings to her sons. This 



great law of compensation finds its illustration in the history of 
the nation and in the lives of men. Out of the grave of Abraham 
Lincoln arises a deathless fame ; from the death-bed of Abraham 
Lincoln arises this great loyal organization, whose first duty has 
been, is and will be, to bless the memory and perpetuate the 
name of that great apostle and martyr of liberty. My comrades, 
my Companions from the East and West, the North and South, 
we owe it to ourselves, we owe it to our posterity, that the fame 
of Lincoln, the deeds of Grant, and the soldierly achievements 
of all our great commanders, companions, and comrades who 
have gone from us shall not be blotted from the memory of the 
present nor lost to future generations. You, my friends, who are 
younger than we, who have come upon the stage of action since 
these deeds of which you have heard to-night, can demand from 
the men of this great organization, and you ought to demand from 
them, that before they pay the great debt which they owe to 
nature tliey shall discharge the obligation which is due from them 
to you and to posterity in commemorating and in putting into 
fadeless type the deeds and the heroism of the men who gave 
their lives as the measure of their loyalty and of their devotion 
to the country. If the Loyal Legion can give to the world a 
reason for its existence, that reason is to be found in its members 
preserving for this generation and for the generations to come 
the story of the deeds of their companions and of themselves. 
Therefore, I say, as we come to the Twenty-fifth Anniversary of 
the death of that great apostle of freedom, the sickening horror 
of whose taking off clings to us still as each anniversary recurs, 
recalling how, when the news of it flashed over the wires, we 
felt as if the foundations had been taken from under us and God 
himself had hidden His face from us — as we come to this anni- 
versary, which marks also the anniversary of the founding of the 
Loyal Legion — it seems to me that the lesson which we gather 
from it should be that, as the Commandery of California, of 
Michigan, of Missouri, of Nebraska, and notably that of Ohio 
have been preserving and giving, to the world the deeds of their 
heroes, so we, in every other Commandery, should devote ourselves 
now and hereafter to paying the debt wliich we owe to posterity 



by preserving for it tlie records of the achievements, the heroism, 
the wisdom and the might of the men who gave their lives that 
this nation might live. 



General Gregg. Our neighbors of the New York Comman- 
dery sent to this celebration a very large delegation. Happily 
for u3 they did not leave behind Brig.-General Horace Porter, 
whom I have now the pleasure to present. 

Gen. PoKTER. If I had known the precise character of this 
flank attack that has been made upon me to-night, I should have 
tried to throw my pickets further to the front in the hope of gain- 
ing sufficiently early information to enable me to beat a masterly 
retreat ; for if there was one lesson which the war taught us better 
than another, it was that a man may retreat successfully from 
almost any position, if lie only starts in time. I am very sure 
that the few words I shall speak to-night can be of no practical 
use on this memorable occasion, but I hope I may be of some 
service to the speakers who have preceded me, inasmuch as 
preceding speakers are sometimes like figures in arithmetic — 
they gain a value and importance they would not have in them- 
selves from the number of ciphers grouped after them. 

As I look around to-night — I tiiink we are all here. When I 
see the compactness of the multitude of Companions gathered in 
this building, I take it as another verification of the remark made 
by a distinguished writer that soldiers are the only carnivorous 
animals that love to live in a gregarious state. When I observe 
the solidity of the formation here, I cannot help recalling a re- 
mark made by a New England soldier, one night, in the Army 
of the Potomac. He was posted pretty well to the front with 
orders to give timely notice of any advance of the enemy. About 
midnight the silence was broken by a quartermaster's mule break- 
ing loose from a wagon in Lee's army. With head down and tail 
up, the mule came straight for our lines. He brayed until you 
could hear him both in Washington and Richmond. He came on 
with trace-chains rattling, hoofs clattering, and whiffle-trees snap- 

10 



ping over the stumps of trees. Our man came in and reported 
to tlie officer of the picket line. With that coolness which is 
always characteristic of the New England soldier, he remarked, 
" They're a-comin'." " How many of them ?" the officer asked. 
He replied, " I didn't stop to count 'em, but, from the solidity of 
the movement, I should jedge it's the hull Southrin Confedracy." 

If I know the thought which is uppermost in your minds to- 
night, it is, that a quarter of a century has passed since the 
armies of the Union stood shoulder to shoulder in line of battle. 
It seems all like a dream. A quarter of a century since the men 
of those armies gathered in their might, rallied to the defence of 
an imperilled nation, knelt upon this soil to swear allegiance to 
the Republic, and marched forth to seal the oath with their blood. 
Time is passing, memory is failing; and it is well that the 
survivors of that heroic struggle should gather together, should 
assemble once more around the bivouac, should again kindle the 
historic camp fires to the end that in their light the world may 
read anew the record of imperishable deeds. The very touch of 
the elbow given by comrades here to-night is an undying proof 
that, as iron is welded in the heat of the forge, so are inseparable 
friendships welded in the heat of battle. 

When the first gun was fired upon Sumter, when Lincoln 
called for Union troops, some men exclaimed : " What, will 
brothers fight?" "Aye," was the response, " even brothers will 
fight when -their mother has been struck." Then there came the 
marshalling of that vast force. Men surged up from the valleys 
and poured down from the hill tops, the middle wall of partition 
was broken down between all classes, and it seemed that we lived 
once more in the brave days of old, when none were for a party 
but all were for the State. Then came the order to break up 
the camps of instruction and to move that army to the front. 
We remember it as well as if it were yesterday. Every hamlet 
bristled with marching men, every street was lighted by the 
glitter of their steel. Drums were beating the march ; fifes were 
playing " The girl I left behind me ;" many a cheek soon to be 
bronzed by Southern suns and begrimed with powder was then 
bathed with the tears of parting ; aged parents stood bowed in 

41 



the grief of separation ; and sweethearts watched the fading 
columns until the great blinding tears shut out the sight. So 
with bands playing, drums beating, flags flying, and voices cheer- 
ing, the legions of American manhood marched away on their 
grand campaign. The trials of that army have never been 
matched since the trade of war began. Its sufferings have never 
been equalled since the days of the Christian martyrs. For a 
time victory ceased to perch upon its banners ; thousands of 
comrades were languishing in Southern prison pens; the coffers 
of the Treasury were well nigh drained ; news from the front 
meant defeat; news from the rear meant mob law and draft riots 
in the streets; hope seemed fading; the land was filled with 
doubting Thomas's, with unbelieving Saracens, with discontented 
Catalines; but as the Danes once destroyed the hearing of their 
war horses in order that they migiit not be affrighted by the din 
of battle, so the men in that army turned a deaf ear to doubts and 
despondency in the rear and {)Lished boldly to the front. But in 
that front what scenes were met! Ah, you know them but too 
well. There was the blistering Southern sun, swamps which bred 
miasma and death, rivers with impossible approaches, heights to 
be scaled, batteries to be captured. There was the open plane 
with guns in front and guns in flank which swept the serried 
column until iiunian blood flowed as freely as festal wine. Tiiere 
were the dense woods ; the upper growth shutting out the light 
of heaven, the undergrowth impeding the progress of man; forest 
fires raging; ammunition trains exploding; the dead roasting in 
the flames ; the wounded dragging their mangled limbs after them 
to escape the conflagration, until every thorn on every bush was 
hung with shreds of blood-stained clothing, and it seemed that 
Christian men had turned to fiends and hell itself had usurped 
the place of earth. But that army never paused until it had 
fulfilled the wishes of those who mustered it. It never faltered 
until it snatched victory from defeat and dipped the fringes of its 
banners in the blood of conquered foes. At last the final gun 
was fired ; and then there fell upon the land that calm which 
comes after the storm, which is a peace not of man's but of God's 
making. Then the charges were withdrawn from the guns, the 

42 



tents were struck, the flags were tenderly furled — those precious 
standards, bullet-riddled, battle-torn, but remnants of their former 
selves, with scarcely enough left of them on which to print the 
names of the battles they had seen ; the camp fires were left to 
smoulder in their ashes and the armies of the Union and the 
armies of Rebellion turned their backs upon each other for the 
first time in four long bloody years. 

The lessons of the war are ever present with us. The story 
of its battles, the grandest of modern epics, has passed into his- 
tory, and the imperishable scroll on which that history is written 
has been securely lodged in the highest niche in the temple of 
Fame. As long as life itself shall last, future ages will point to 
that army and exclaim, " Thine honor bore the perfume of heroic 
deeds." 



General Gregg. It gives me great pleasure to present to 
you the Commander of the old 12th Corps of the Army of the 
Potomac and the Commander of the Army of Georgia, Major- 
General H. W. Slocum. 

Gen. Slocum. Companions : On my arrival here I was pre- 
sented with a programme of what was to occur to-day. On that 
I read that this meeting was to close between nine and ten o'clock 
and that you were to be received by the Union League Club at 
ten precisely. Now in view of that fact and of the fact that there 
are five Major-Generals on the list to follow me and more than 
twenty other gentlemen, not named on the list, who are waiting, 
I feel that the most appropriate and welcome words I could utter 
to you would be simply " Good night." I want to say, liowever, 
that, as you learned lessons in every battle that you fought during 
the war, so you should also learn a lesson from to-night's proceed- 
ings. I have not any doubt but that, at the semi-centennial an- 
niversary of this Order, to be celebrated, as it ought to be, in 
Brooklyn, you who may he present there will bear in mind what 
occurred here and will have the proceedings commence at eight 
in the morning instead of eight in the evening. I know that 



you would do this if you only realized how many fine speeches 
you have lost because the hour of eleven has come upon us so 
suddenly. There are orators upon the stage who would have 
been glad to entertain you and would do so but for the fact that 
the time has come for us to break up. 



General Gregg. On my left is a distinguished soldier who 
gained distinction in the Army of the Potomac, and has since 
been very distinguished in Indian warfare. He recently received 
a well-merited reward in his promotion to Major-General of the 
regular army. I refer to General Nelson A. Miles, whom I now 
present. 

Gen. Miles. Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen : I learned 
for the first time, on reaching this hall, that my name was on 
the list ; but you seem to take liberties with a man's name here 
in Pennsylvania, and consequently, like my friend General 
Porter, I see no way of retreating. But I will not occupy your 
time. I am delighted to be here, to listen to the words of 
wisdom and patriotism that have been uttered, to enjoy the 
scenes we have witnessed and the music we have heard, and to 
be one of your number. 

I am gratified to have been engaged in that great enterprise 
nearly thirty years ago, and I indorse all that has been said here 
to-night in eulogy of the men whose names have been mentioned. 
In looking around this platform I notice a representation of the 
Monitor, and I cannot refrain from mentioning the name of John 
Ericsson as one of those whose memory should be revered for the 
services they rendered the government and to the cause of hu- 
manity. Let us not forget that patriot, tliat great man, who did 
so much to give us the finest navy at the time in the world, and 
who contributed to the preservation of the blessings that we now 
enjoy. The thought to which I would give expression is this, 
that to no one man or class of men is due the credit of accom- 
plishing what was accomplished. Even Mr. Lincoln, the grand 
hero of that great work, he who signed the commissions and cre- 

44 



ated the officers, would not have claimed that credit. It was the 
people themselves who achieved the result. It was the people 
of the country who cheered us on and sustained us in our work, 
and it was from the people that a million of soldiers were organ- 
ized. In my judgment, the greatest and grandest victory of the 
war was achieved when, after having saved the country, held it 
together and destroyed human slavery, the armed hosts marched 
back again to build up the waste places of their land, to become 
citizens again and to resume their normal conditions. We have 
felt the influence of their example in every part of the country. 
Although their great leader was no more, they practised his pre- 
cept, " With malice toward none, with cliarity for all." While 
here in the East, I am reminded of the great work tliat has been 
done by our brethren in the West. Many of you remained in 
the East, but others went to the far West and there have been 
making homes and building States. 

I will, with your permission, Mr. Chairman, read a telegram 
which I received to-day from San Francisco. It shows that the 
same spirit manifest here to-night exists on the other side of the 
continent, where our brethren are not only inspired by the same 
principles which actuate you, but that they are building new 
States and adding new stars to the glorious banner that now 
floats from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The telegram is dated 
from Sar> Francisco, to-day, and reads as follows : — 

" The California Commandery in stated meeting sends warm- 
est greeting to the Pennsylvania Commandery and Companions 
assembled in Pliiladelphia to celebrate the fiuarter-centennial of 
the Loyal Legion. Deeply regreting our enforced absence, we 
telegraph our loyalty to the Order, our faith in its permanence, 
and our trust that our Companions present will not forget — 
though absent — tljat we are with them in spirit." 



General Gregg. It gives me great pleasure to present the 
Commander of the New York Commandery — Brevet Major- 
General Wager Swayne. 



4S 



Gen. SwAYNE. A great commemorative meeting, such as this, 
has — in one aspect — a sacred meaning. We are here, not lest the 
motives that bring us here should die, but we are here that we our- 
selves henceforth may be more alive to those motives. Our dead 
Companions are not dead in any sense that begets an idea of 
nothingness, for their country will not die. Through the medium 
of a divinely appointed method, their heart's blood passed into 
the new life of this country, and the fruit of their self-sacrifice is 
this, that liberty now lives and flourishes with a glory that is 
daily brightening the world. They have left to us a heritage in 
that precious word " Companion," which is full of significance 
to us and emboldens us, in looking on this great company of 
valuable lives, to greet each member of it as Companion. That 
greeting comes home to the heart of every one of us, not as with 
a roar of multitudes, but with the still small voice that is divine, 
and conveys from one heart to another a comfort and a sense of 
fellowship such as we seldom experience. 

Companions, this Order of the Loyal Legion recites, in the 
initial page of its Constitution, that it is founded upon belief in 
God. It is for us to trust to His love that the influence of our 
own lives may not be lost and that our dead Companions may 
look upon us this night, on our rejoicing and on their country's 
peace — a peace which, we trust, may be likened to that which 
they enjoy, which is unspeakable forever. 

General Gregg. I present Brevet Brigadier-General Wm. E. 
Marshall, of the Minnesota Commandery, formerly Governor of 
that State. 

Gen. Marshall. Companions and Citizens of Philadelphia : 
I must not fail to extend to you a greeting from the Companions 
and Commanderies of the far West. We have come more than a 
thousand miles, from Minnesota, to attend this great anniversary 
meeting. We feel that we have been abundantly repaid by the 
splendid hospitality of the Pennsylvania Commandery and the 
Union League of this city and by this splendid audience of the citi- 
zens of Philadelphia and the greeting you have given us to-night. 



For myself I may say it is not the first time that I have been a 
guest and enjoyed the hospitality of your great, generous, patriotic 
city. Twenty-four years ago it was my fortune to attend a meeting 
here of the Southern Loyalists, with whom the Governors of the 
Northern States were invited to participate in the conference upon 
the situation brought about by the attitude of President Johnson. 
I remember the princely entertainment that was extended to that 
convention and the delegates from the West by the Union League. 
All the Governors of the loyal States were present. Among 
them were Morton, of Indiana, on whose broad shoulders, as upon 
an Atlas, the interests of the loyal West had rested during the 
war ; Yates, of Illinois ; Buckingham, of Connecticut ; Fenton 
and Morgan, of New York; John A. Andrew, that great and 
warm-hearted representative of New England ; and of course 
your own great loyal Governor, Andrew G. Curtin. Alas, of 
all those war Governors, so far as I now know, none remain but 
Ramsey, of my own State, and Curtin, of Pennsylvania. 

Companions and Citizens of Philadelphia: It is an instructive 
thing to us of the far West to come to your city, one so rich in his- 
toric associations and patriotic memories. The speakers to-night 
have mentioned the Hall of Independence ; the formation here of 
the Constitution ; the Continental Congress, whose sittings were 
here; but they did not exhaust the rich associations of Philadelphia 
and its vicinity. The flames of the Revolutionary War burned 
fiercely about you. Across the wintry waters of the Delaware 
is Trenton ; here in your corporate limits is Germantown ; 
toward the eapitol of tiie nation is Brandywine ; and not far up 
the Schuylkill is Valley Forge ; all of which are associated with 
the darkest hour in the times that tried men's souls. Here you 
nurtured Franklin, who did more than any other man to educate 
the Colonies and to organize them in resistance to the oppres- 
sion of George III. Here was the home of Robert Morris, 
the financier of the Revolution ; it was fitting that upon your 
soil of Pennsylvania the great culminating battle should be 
fought. The cup of honor for Pennsylvania was filled by that 
great decisive struggle, where the flame of war burned so near 
to your homes that its heat might almost be felt on the out- 

47 



stretched hand. Yours is a city of beautiful rivers with a broad- 
armed port. Yours is a State of fertile valleys and wooded 
mountain tops, rich in treasures of iron, coal, and oil stored up 
from the foundation of the world, yet richer in man's memories 
for its treasures of patriotic deeds. We of the unhistoric West 
honor you and reverence you as the mighty keystone of the arch 
of the Union. 

General Gregg. I present the Commander of the Comman- 
dery of the District of Columbia and United States Senator from 
Nebraska, Brevet Brigadier-General Chas. F. Manderson. 

Gen. Manderson. My Companions of the Loyal Legion, 
Ladies and Gentlemen : I really think that if the choice was 
offered to me to lead a charge against a rebel battery or to talk 
to this exhausted audience at this time of night I would select 
the first as the least of two evils. These exercises were to close 
at ten o'clock, that other and more pleasing observances might 
follow, and it is now near the midnight hour. I congratulate 
you upon your powers of endurance and the astonishing exhibi- 
tion of patience you have made. I will not test the one or try 
the other by inflicting a speech upon you, and if I were to follow 
the bent of my own inclinations would simply say good-night and 
retire. 

It is perhaps due from me however that in this presence and 
at this time I should pay one tribute and recall to your minds one 
or two incidents. Anything I may say to you after these care- 
fully prepared and magnificently delivered addresses, to which 
you have so patiently listened would sound like the rattle of small 
arms after the deep-toned thunder of the artillery. You have 
stood your ground well under the fire and those of you who have 
remained are at least in the condition of the soldier who fled to 
the safety of the rear during the battle, and who when he came to 
where the sound of the bullet was not heard and the shriek of the 
shell came not, soliloquized thus — " Well, old fellow, you were 
badly frightened, sadly demoralized and stampeded, but, thank 
God, you are not scattered !" 

48 



If anything were needed to show me the changes that the years 
have wrought and what effects have come with the passing of 
the last quarter of a century it came to-night. 

With you I listened to that wonderful piece of musical gym- 
nastics played by the Marine Band under the skilled leadership 
of Sousa. It represented the scenes of the march, the camp, 
and the battle, and brought in the once familiar bugle-calls. By 
my side sat a distinguished soldier, who gave a good strong arm 
to his country's cause. He listened much delighted and at last 
when the clear bugle notes gave us the reveille he turned to me 
and exclaimed, " Halloo ! there goes the sick call." But really 
I did not wonder much at the mistake, for we all remember how 
sick that call made us in the grey dawn of many a foggy, muggy 
morning. You know that it has been said that the way to a 
man's heart is through his stomach, and I am led by this further 
incident of the evening to believe that the way to enliven recol- 
lection and awaken remembrances of the past, is througli that 
organ of the body. The bugler sounded dinner call and my 
comrade who sat next me recognized it before the last note of 
the first bar had awakened the echoes. 

Our reunion is in the State of Pennsylvania, and many com- 
plimentary allusions have been made to this great Commonwealth. 
The Keystone State stands pre-eminent among all the sisterhood 
for magnificent, self-sacrificing patriotism. I was born within 
her borders, and in this great city, and am proud of and exult 
in my birthright. This City of Brotherly Love, the Quaker City, 
peaceable in peace, was warlike in war, and from her citizens 
came many of the best and truest soldiers who followed the flag. 
Others have spoken of her Generals and of those who won renown 
in the field, staff, and line of the armies of the Republic. But 
there was a vast multitude, so great almost that no man can 
number them, who did as heroic service and never reached the 
distinction of wearing a shoulder strap. 

All honor and enduring fame to the enlisted men, the private 
soldiers of this great State, whose intelligent and patriotic en- 
deavor did so much towards saving the Union. It is most fitting 
that they should be referred to to-night, and because of my great 



respect for liira and because he was a typical private soldier, I 
desire to single out one of the sons of Pennsylvania for mention. 
I do so not only because of my respect for him but by reason of 
my love and reverence for the memory of my old chieftain, the 
Commander of the Army of the Cumberland, tlie grandest of all 
military leaders, General George H. Thomas. At the capitol of 
this nation there lies to-night, cold in death, a native son of this 
State, and one of the most distinguished citizens of tliis munici- 
pality. Cast in rugged mould he brought to the performance of 
every duty an honesty of purpose that commanded the respect 
of all, whether political friends or foes. He achieved high civil 
position but he won no place that honored him more than that 
of having been a private soldier from this State. Tlie particular 
incident in his career that I would recall to-night is this : 
Samuel J. Randall at a critical time in the early part of the war, 
being a private in a Pennsylvania Cavalry Company, wrote a 
letter in the confidence and trust of personal friendship, to Simon 
Cameron, then in the zenith of his great fame and a power mighty 
for good. In this letter he spoke of the inefficiency of some of 
our military leaders and declared that in a state of war ineffi- 
ciency was criminality and incompetency deserving of severest 
punishment. He urged that efficiency deserved and should 
receive recognition and declared that Colonel George H. Thomas, 
then obscure and almost unknown, was the proper man by train- 
ing and experience to be made a Brigadier-General of the U. S. 
Army. I believe that this unsolicited tribute from this far seeing 
and observant private soldier went far to cause the appointment 
of that modest leader and great soldier to the position he so 
thoroughly and completely filled to the good of the Republic. 
Both are gone ! Peace be with them. 

My friends, 1 do not propose to detain you further save to 
thank you for your attention and to say that the only comfort to 
me as one of the cipliers spoken of by General Porter is that I 
stand on the right of the line of figures where I may hope at 
least that I add value and increase rather than decrease quality. 
Of quantity surely you have had enough. 



60 



MUSICAL PANORAMA. 

BAND OK THE I'SITED STATES MAKINE tOKPS. 

From the Lakes to the Gulf Stream, the voyage of a Man-o'-war's-maa 
Comprising 

All hands ou deck 

The boatswain's whistle 

All hands up anchor 

" Then fare thee well, my own Mary Auu" 

Ho, Ho, blow the man dowu 

" The Red, White, and Blue" 

"A Wet Sheet and a Flowing Sea" 

We '11 rant and we '11 roar like true Yankee sailors 

The Storm 

The Prayer iu the Storm 

The White Squall 

" Soiree Dansante'' ou the fo'c'lc 

Passing the Confederate Forts 

The Confederate band plays " Maryland my Maryland" 

and "Carry me back to ole Virginny" 

The Man-o'-war's-man's band answers with "We '11 be gay and happy still" 

and " Star-Spangled Banner" " Dixie" aud "Yankee Doodle" follow 

The Apotheosis Hail Columbia 



RECEPTION 



PENNSYLVANIA 



ACADEMY OF THE FINE ARTS 



April 16, 1890 



83 



A MEMORABLE RECEPTION. 



The reception given in the Academy of Fine Arts was a 
memorable occasion. There liave been many such lield in 
Philadelphia since the Centennial year, but this was the hand- 
somest reception and most beautiful entertainment on so large a 
scale held in this city in many years. It is doubtful if it has 
ever been surpassed in some respects. In the many handsome 
and soldierly men, the monuments of brave manhood left of the 
successful legions of a great war, and the beauty of the women 
from many of the largest and most prosperous States of the 
Union, there has never been a gathering like it. The decora- 
tions were dignified and stately as well as patriotic, and with 
the walls covered with the representative art of the world, great 
bronze and noble statuary occupying the centre of large spaces, 
and the music of the grand Marine Band lending inspiration, it 
was an evening the impressions of which will not soon be for- 
gotten by those who participated. Much of what is best and 
most enduring in the nation was there represented, and altogether 
the occasion was on a mucli higher plane than those on which 
some purely selfish end is served. There were in all between 
four and five thousand persons present, making one of the most 
distinguished gatherings of people of importance from different 
parts of the country that ever met in Piiiladelphia. 

The decorations were mainly United States flags, bright and 
new, arranged in shields and escutcheons and as banners in the 
various rooms and along the imposing stairway or wherever they 
could be most effectively introduced. Tlie flowers, mainly pink 
hydrangeas and white daisies and other spring blossoms, were 
unusually fresh and pretty. 

55 



It was a revelation to many the playing of the Marine Band 
on this occasion, and it covered itself with new laurels. At 
times it was as finely modulated as a string orchestra, and again 
it played as a complete military band with such ability can in 
an assemblage numbering thousands. 

The Northwest Gallery was set apart for the reception, and 
handsomely embellished with flowers. 



PROGRAMME 



MILITARY ORDER 



LOYAL LEGION OF THE UNITED STATES 



PENNSYLVANIA ACADEMY OF THE FINE ARTS 



April 1G, 1890 



87 



I March— '* The Loyal Legion" 

3 Grand Fantasia — "Lohengrin" 

The Question Motive, The Swan Song, 

Lisa's Procession to the Minster, 

Prelude to the Bridal Chorus, the Bridal Chorus, 

The Grail Motive, Oh, King of Kings, 

Finale. 



Si/nsa 
Waff7ier 



r. Cornet Solo- 



' Fantasia Brilliant" 

MR. WALTER F. SMITH. 



Arba7i 



4 Patriotic Song — " Guard the Flag" . 
r> Clarinet Solo — '* Caprice- Fantastic" . 

MR. FELIX lARDELLA. 



Mayeur 



6 Fantasia— " Reminiscences of Scotland" .... Godfrey 

Scots Wha Ilae, Auld Robin Gray, Bonnie Laddie, 

The Campbells are Coniin\ The White Cockade, 

John Anderson my Joe, Logie o' Buchau, 

Green Grows the Rushes, 0, The Braes of Auchterarder, 

Annie Laurie, Within a Mile of Edinboro', Bonnet Blue, 

The Blue Bells of Scotland, TuUochgorum, Auld Lang Syne, 



Trombone Solo — "Image of the Rose" 

MR. henry stone. 



Heichardt 



S Fantasia on American Melodies 



Petrola 



9 Symphonic Poem — "A Dream in Helvetia" 



Sellenik-Gottschalk 



SvKOPsrs — First Period: Swiss scene; dance, church bells, 
and prayer. A poet overlooks the scene, and regrets the 
days that are past; the sound of pastoral instrnments 
and the evening church bella invite the pious to prayer. 

Second Period: The dream and apparition ; the whole 
of nature is at a standstill ; the lullaby of his tender age 
sounds to the memory of the poet, and a genius appears 
predicting glory for the future. 

Third Period: A dream of triumph. Castles Espague. 
The dying poet. 



10 Grand March- 



' Hamlet" 



HassUr 



6S 



PRELIMIXARY 



CELEBRATION 



At a stated meeting of the Commandery of the State of Penn- 
sylvania, held May 1, 1889, the Recorder called attention to the 
forthcoming anniversary of the foundation of the Order and sub- 
mitted the following resolution : — 

Resolved, That the Commander be authorized to appoint a commit- 
tee of forty-one Companions to make the necessary arrangements for 
the celebration of the founding of the Order in the city of Philadelphia. 

Resolved, That the Commandery appropriates toward the expenses 
of the committee one thousand dollars from the general fund of the 
Commandery. 

The resolutions were unanimously adopted. 

At the stated meeting of the Commandery, October 16, 1889, 
the Recorder reported the preliminary work and the action of 
the Commandery-in-Chief as follows : — 

Journal of the Commandery-in-Chief, Fifth Annual Meeting, 
Philadelphia, October 16, 1889. 

The Recorder-in-Chief called the attention of the Commandery-in- 
Chief to the twenty-fifth anniversary of the founding of tlie Order. 
April 15, 1890, and the arrangements being made under tlie auspices 
of the Commander)' of Pennsylvania for its proper observance in the 
city of its origin. 

Companion William O. Gould, California, moved that there be issued 
from the Headquarters of the Order an ofhcial circular announcing the 
programme of the anniversary. 

The motion was unanimously adopted. 

Companion George W. Chandler, Michigan, moved that there be 
held in the city of Philadelphia, April 15, 1890, a special meeting of 
the Commandery-in-Chief in honor of the occasion. 

The motion was unanimously adopted. 

Companion William O. Gould, California, moved the preparation and 
promulgation to the Order of a resolution from the Commandery-in- 
Chief expressive of approval of the celebration, and that the subject 
be referred to a committee of three Companions for report. 

The motion was unanimously adopted. 



Commaiider-in-Cliief Hayes appointed as the committee Companions 
William 0. Gould, California ; J. Marshall Brown, Maine ; and Wil- 
liam H. Lambert, Pennsylvania. 

Comjjanion William O. Gould, California, chairman of the commit- 
tee, to whom was referred the resolution expressive of the approval of 
the celebration April 15, 1890, submitted the following; — 

Resolved, That the Commandery-in-Chief, having learned with great 
pleasure that the Comniandery of the State of Pennsylvania contemplates 
celebrating the twenty-fifth anniversary of its organization and the founda- 
tion of the Order, has called a special meeting of the Coramandery-in-Chief 
in Philadelphia, April 15, 1890, and urges upon the several Commanderies 
their hearty co-operation so far as may be consistent with the arrangements 
already made, so that the celebration may embrace — as it is understood to 
be the wish of the Commandery of the State of Pennsylvania — every Com- 
panion of the Order. 

Wm. 0. GODLD, 

John Makshall Brown, 
Wm. H. Lambert, 

Committee. 

Companion W. H. Fitch, Colorado, moved the adoption of the reso- 
lution. 

The resolution was unanimously adopted 

♦ « * * » 



Commander Gregg, on November 11, 1889, issued the follow- 



MiLiTAKY Order of the Lotal Legion of tue United States. 
Headquarters Commandert of the State of Penxsixvaxia. 

Circular No. 19. ) 
Series of 1889. > Philadelphia, November 11, 1889. 

Whole No. 186. ) 

I. The Companions named constitute the General Committee ot 
Arrangements authorized by the unanimous resohition of the Com- 
mandery May 1, 1889, tor the twenty-fifth celebration of the Order, 
in the city of Philadelphia, April 15, 1890 : — 

Reception.— Galusha Pennypacker, H. M. Hoyt, Lewis Merrill, W. S. W. 

Ruschenberger, E. N. Benson, George Meade, William Brooke-Rawle, 

J. P. S. Gobin, James W. Latta, Robert Neilson, Robert B. Beath, 

W. C. Cook. 
Tkansportatiox.— John P. Green, John Cassels, J. R. AV'ood, C. S. Sims. 
Decorations. — Edward E. Potter, John J. Read, Richard S. CoUum, 

W. Wallace Goodwin, Lewis R. Hamersly. 
Entertainment. — Frank D. Howell, Persifor Frazer, Richard H. Morris. 
Hotel Arraxoements. — Henry C. Potter, Sylvester Bonnaflon, Jr., John 

O. Foering, George H. North, H. W. Littlefleld. 
Programme and Ceremoxies. — John P. Nicholson, R. Dale Benson, 

William H. Lambert, H. Earnest Goodman. 
Invitations.— J. William Hofmann, Charles M. Betts, Fred. Schober. 
Finance. — R. E. Patterson, E. A. Hancock, Samuel Goodman, Charles C. 

Knight, S. E. Meigs. 

II. The committee will meet at the United Service Club, 1433 
Chestnut Street, Blonday, November 18, at 8 P. M., for organization. 

By command of 

Brevet Major-General D. McM. Gregg, U. S. V., 

Commander. 

John P. Nicholson, 
Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, U. S. V., 
Mecorder. 



Commander-in-Chief Hayes issued the following: — 
Military Order of the Lotal Legion op tue United States. 

CoMMANDERT-IN-CniEF. 

Circular No. 1. ^ 
Series of 1890. > Philadelphia, February 10, 1890. 

Whole No. 52. ) 

I. In honor of the twenty-lilth anniversary of the Order, and in 

accordance with the unanimous resolution of the Commandery-in- 

Chief, a special meeting will be held on Tuesday, April 15, 1890, at 

10.30 A. M., in the Hall of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, 

Thirteenth and Locust streets, Philadelphia. 

* * ^ up * 

By command of 

Brevet Major-General Rutherford B. Hayi-.s, U. S. V., 

Commander-in-Chief. 

John P. Nicholson, 

Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, U. S. V., 

liecurder-in- Chief, 



Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. 

COMMANDERY-IN-CniEF. 

Circular No. 3. ) 
Series of 1890. } Philadelphia, April 1, 1S90. 

Whole No. .54. ) 

I. At tlie Ueremonies incident to the Celebration, April 15-16, 

1890, the Insignia shall be worn as prescribed in Art. xxii, Sec. 1, 

Constitution 1889. 

By command of 

Brevet Major-General Ruthekfokd B. Hayks, U. S. V., 

Commander-in- C/iief. 

John P. Nicholson, 

Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, U. S. V., 
Hecordcr-in- Chief. 



Extracts from Journal of meetings of General Committee. 
***** 

The General Committee met lor organization under Circular No. 19, 
November 18, 1889, at which meeting Major 11. Dale Benson was 
elected Chairman, Lieutenant-Colonel John P. Nicholson, Secretary, 
and Colonel Samuel Goodman, Treasurer. 

The details of the progiamme were discussed, and a Committee on 
the Press created from the General Committee, consisting of Lieu- 
tenant H. W. Littlefield, Lieutenant L. K. Hamersly, and Lieutenant- 
Colonel J. W. Latta. 

***** 

At the meeting held January 22, 1890, it was resolved to hold a 
reception at the Academy of the Fine Arts on the evening of April 
16, 1890, as a part of the ceremonies, and Acting Ensign P. Frazer 
was authorized to make the contracts. 

***** 

At the meeting, February 3, the Committees upon Reception, Lewis 
Merrill, Chairman, and Entertainment, F. D. Howell, Chairman, were 
authorized to add to their numbers by appointing any Companions of 

the Commandery who would assist them in their duties. 
***** 
At the meeting, February 24, the details of the reception at the 
Academy of the Fine Arts were placed in charge of Lieutenant-Colonel 
S. Bonnaffon, Jr. 

***** 
At the meeting, March 10, the hospitality of the Union League, 
the Art Club, the Manufacturers' Club, and the United Service Club 
were tendered to the Committee for the use of the Companions during 
the ceremonies. 

***** 
General Chas. Devens announced as the Orator for the ceremonies 
at the Academy of Music April 1 5. 

***** 
At the meeting, March 24, Captain John P. Green, Chairman of 
Transportation, announced that Companion J. R. ^^'ood had made the 
final transportation arrangements at a one fare rate. 

Companion E. N. Benson, on behalf of the Union League, tendered 
an escort and serenade to the visiting Companions and the Comman- 
dery, which was accepted with thanks. 

***** 
At the meeting, March 31, Lieutenant Joseph E. Goodman was 
elected Treasurer pro tern, during the absence of the Treasurer. 
***** 
At the meeting, April 11, the final details of the receptions were 
arranged, and the serenade of the Union League. 



Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, 
Headquarters Commandery of the State of Pennsylvania. 

COMMITTEE ON CELEBRATION OF THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY. 

Philadelphia, April 8, 189U. 

I. The ticket-agents on the trunk line territory have received in- 
structions to issue the one fare tickets to Companions upon showing the 
Rosette of the Order. 

Members of tlieir family are entitled to tickets at same rate. 

II. The Union League House will be open for the Companions from 
Monday evening, April 14, to Thursday evening, April 16. 

The Marine Band will be present from 1 to 3 P.M., Tuesday and 
Wednesday. 

HI. The Art Club, Broad Street, will be open to Companions and 
ladies upon presentation of visiting-card at the entrance. 

IV. The United Service Club, 1433 Chestnut Street, will be open to 
the Companions during their sojourn in the city. 

V. The Manufacturers' Club, 1409 Walnut Street, will be open for 
the reception of the Companions from Tuesday A.M. to Thursday. 

VI. The courtesy of the Masonic Temple has been extended, and 
the rooms will be open from 10 A.M. to 2 P.M. during the week. 

For the General Committee, 

John P. Nicholson, 

Secretary. 



Programme of the celebration of the Twenty-Fifth Anniver- 
sary of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion. 

Monday, AriuL 14, 1890. 
3 P. M. onwai-d. Companions and Commanderies from abroad will 
arrive at Broad Street P. R. R. and Chestnut Street B. & 
O. R. R. Stations. 

Tuesday, Apkil 15. 
10.30 A. M. Meeting of Commander3-in- Chief at Historical Society, 

Thirteenth and Locust. 
11 A. M. to 3 P. M. Luncheon. Union League. 

I to 3 P. M. Concert, United States Marine Band. Union League. 

7 P. M. Ceremonies at Academy of Music. 

10 P. M. Union League in a body will escort Loyal Legion from 

Academy of Music to Union Lciigue House, and tender a 
serenade. 

Wednesday, April 16. 

II A.M. to 12 M. Reception of the Lo^al Legion by the Mayor of 

the city of Philadelphia. 
Companions assemble at Union League at 10.45, and proceed in a 
body to Mayor's Room in City Hall. 

11 A. M. to 3 P. M. Luncheon. Union League. 

1 to 3 P. M. Concert, United States Marine Band. Union League. 

2 to 3 P. M. Reception of Loyal Legion by the Hon. James A. 

Beaver, Governor of Pennsylvania. Union League. 

8 to 11 P. M. Reception of the visitors by the Pennsylvania Com- 

mandery at the Academy of the Fine Arts. 



The Union League, Broad and Sansom Streets. 

The Manufacturers' Club, Walnut west of Broad Street. 

The Art Club, Broad below Walnut Street. 

The United Service Club, 1433 Chestnut Street. 

George G. Meade Post, No. 1, G. A. R., 1109 Chestnut Street. 

Masonic Temple, Broad and Filbert Streets. 

United States Mint, 9 A. M. to 3 P. M., Chestnut near Broad Street. 

Open to Companions of the Loyal Legion, wearing the Insignia or 
Rosette of the Order, during their stay in Philadelphia. 



RESOLUTIONS 

UNANIMOUSLY ADOPTED AT 

A STATED MEETING OF THE COMMANDERY OF THE STATE 
OF PENNSYLVANIA, MAY 7, 1890. 



Military Ordek of the Loyal Legion op the United States. 

The Commandery of the State of Pennsylvania doth resolve : — 

That the gi-ateful thanks of the Commandery, speaking not only for 
itself but for the Order at large, are due and they are hereby tendered 
to the Manufacturers' Club of Philadelphia for the courtesy shown by 
it to the Companions of the Order recently assembled in this city from 
all parts of the country, thereby contributing largely to the success of 
the celebration of the twenty -fifth anniversary of the foundation of the 
Order on April 15, 1865, and to the reputation of Philadelphia for 
unstinted hospitality. 

Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the LTnited States. 

The Commandery of the State of Pennsylvania doth resolve : — 

That the grateful thanks of the Commandery, speaking not only for 
itself but for the Order at large, are due and they are hereby tendered 
to the Art Club of Philadelphia for the courtesy shown by it to the 
Companions of the Order recently assembled in this city from all parts 
of the country, thereby contributing largely to the success of the cele- 
bration of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the foundation of the Order 
on April 15, 1865, and to the reputation of Philadelphia for unstinted 
hospitality. 

Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. 

The Commandery of the State of Pennsylvania, desiring to 
express its appreciation of the hospitality shown by the Union 
League of Philadelphia to the Companions of the Order assembled 
from all parts of the country upon the occasion of the celebration 
of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the foundation of the Order on 
April 15, 1865, doth resolve: — 

That as the Union League of Philadelphia, ever consistent in the 
line of patriotic endeavor, gave its encouragement and active assistance 
during the War of the Rebellion to those who came forward in defence 



of the government ; as it aiiled so materially in carrying that conflict 
to a successful conclusion, whereb}' liberty was assured throughout the 
land, union restored among all the States, and happiness and pros- 
perity extended to the utmost limits of our country to a degree unpar- 
alleled in history ; so its recent aid and encouragement have gone far 
toward making the celebration of the Order a magnificent success, 
showing that the services of its Companions during the war have not 
been forgotten, and that the spirit which brought about the organiza- 
tion of the Union League of Philadelphia is still a living force. And 
it doth further resolve, that the grateful thanks of this Commandery, 
speaking not only for itself but for the Order at large, are due and 
they are hereby tendered to the Union League of Philadelphia for its 
courtesy during the late celebration, which aided to perpetuate and aug- 
ment the sentiment that the City of Brotherly Love is the home of 
American hospitality. 



72 



RESOLUTIONS 



ADOPTED BY THE 



COMMANDERIES 



MiLiTART Order op the Loyal Legion of the United States. 
Headquarters Commandert of the State op Michigan. 

Detroit, Michigan, May 1, 1890. 

Whereas, The CommandLTy of the State of Pennsylvania took the 
initiative and assumed the responsibility of organizing at Philadelphia 
the recent celebration of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the founding 
of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion ; and 

Whereas, The conspicuous success of the celebration and the thor- 
ough satisfaction therewith on the part of the visiting Conimanderies 
are worthy of the fullest recognition ; therefore, 

Resulced, That the congratulations of this Commandery are hereby 
tendered to the Pennsylvania Commandery for the notable skill, fore- 
thought, and energy displayed in conducting the celebration, which 
was in the highest degree creditable to all concerned ; and further, 

Resolved, That the earnest thanks of this Commandery are due to 
our brethren of Pennsylvania for the thoroughness of preparation, the 
unbounded hospitality, and the unremitting attention to every detail of 
welcome and entertainment which marked the occasion and made it 
one of unfailing interest and enjoyment. 

Official. Geo. W. Chandler, 

Recorder. 

Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. 

Headquarters Commandery of the State of Wisconsin, 

Armory Building. 

Milwaukee, 1S90. 

At a stated meeting of the Commandery of the State of Wisconsin, 
Military Order of the Loyal Legion, held at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 
May 7, 1890: 

Resolved, That the thanks and appreciation of this Commandery are 
most earnestly extended to the Commandery of the State of Pennsyl- 
vania for organizing and so completely carrying out the celebration of 
the twenty-fifth anniversary of the founding of the Order at Philadel- 
phia, on the days of April 15 and IC, 1890, and further for their hos- 
pitable and most generous entertainment extended to all Companions 
of Wisconsin who were able to attend, in the feeling of that true cora- 

76 



paiiionship which, springing from the spirit of the first Companions 
organized together in the Commandery of Pennsylvania, has spread to 
all Companions of the Order wherever found. 

Resoloed, That the Commandery of Wisconsin, Military Order of 
the Loyal Legion of the United States, through the Commandery of 
the State of Pennsylvania, do make their hearty acknowledgments to 
the Union League Club, to the United Service Club, to the other clubs 
and societies, and to the generous, loyal, and true citizens of Pliiladel- 
phia for their many acts of hospitality and for the universal welcome 
which so greatly added to our enjoyment as Companions of the Loyal 
Legion while in attendance on the celebration of the twenty-fifth anni- 
versary of the Order, April 15 and 16, 1890. 

C. D. Cleveland, 

Commander. 

A. Ross Houston, 

Becorder. 



MiLiTART Order or the Lotal Legion of the United States. 
Commandery of the State of Massachusetts. 

Boston, May 15, 1890. 

Resolutions adopted at a meeting of the Commandery of the State 
of Massachusetts, held May 7, 1890. 

" The Commandery of the State of Massachusetts returns apprecia- 
tive thanks to the Commandery of the State of Pennsylvania for all 
the courtesies extended at the celebration of the Twenty-fifth Anniver- 
sar}' of the founding of the Order. 

"The thought of the celebration, so happily conceived and so earn- 
estly executed, was another evidence of the devotion of Pennsylvania 
to the Order. 

"For all the proud memories so vividly revived, for all the high 
resolves, the stimulated patriotism and increased loyalty, for all the 
thoughtful attentions and the lavish hospitality which will ever make 
the celebration a happy remembrance, this Commandery is profoundly 
grateful." 

Official. Arnold A. R.\nd, 

Recorder. 



Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. 
commandert of the district of colombia. 

Resolutions unanimously adopted at a stated meeting of the Com- 
mandery May 7, 1 890. 

Resolved, That the Commandery of the District of Columbia of the 
Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States hereby ex- 
presses its warmest thanks to the citizens of Philadelphia, to the Chief 
Magistrate of that city, and to the Commandery of the State of Penn- 
sylvania for the most cordial greeting extended to the Companions of 
this Commandery upon the occasion of the celebration of the twenty- 
fifth anniversary of the institution of the Order in said city in the month 
of April last. 

Resolved, That the thanks of this Commandery be, and they are 
hereby, likewise expressed to the "Union League," the "Art," the 
" Manufacturers'," and the " United Service" clubs of said city for the 
generous hospitality and valued privileges extended to the Companions 
of this Commandery upon said occasion, which hospitality and privi- 
leges were as greatly enjoyed and appreciated as they were cheerfully 
proffered. 

Resolved, That the Recorder transmit a duly attested copy of the 
foregoing resolutions to the Mayor of the city of Philadelphia, to the 
Commandery of the State of Pennsylvania, and to each of the above- 
named clubs. 

Official. AVm. p. Hdxfokd, 

Mecorder. 



Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. 
Commandery of the State of Illinois. 

Chicago, May 15, 1890. 

Extract from the minutes : — 

The Commandery of the State of Illinois desires to make known to 
the Commandery of the State of Pennsylvania, the Union League, the 
United Service Club, the Manufacturers' Club, and the Art Club of 
the city of Philadelphia, and to all assisting citizens and organizations 

L.ofG. 

77 



its heartfelt thanks for the many hospitalities extended to its Com- 
panions present at Philadelphia during the twenty-fifth anniversary of 
the Order. 

Upon that occasion of deep interest to the Order at large the visiting 
Companions representing this Commandery enjoyed for several days 
the honors and pleasures of receptions, public and private, in that 
beautiful and distinctively American city — a city in which were laid 
the broad and lasting foundations of the National Constitution— a place 
of pilgrimage where its people yet guard with filial care the inspiring 
memorials of historic patriotism. 

It is directed that the Recorder make the usual and appropriate 
transmittals of the evidence of the above minute. 

OfScial. Chaules W. Davis, 

Becorder. 



Military Okder op the Loyal Legion of the United States. 
Commandery of the State of Missouri. 

St. Louis, May 7, 1S90. 

The Commandery of the State of Missouri Military Order of the 
Loyal Legion sends atlectioiiate greetings to the Commandery of the 
State of Pennsylvania, and begs to express its grateful appreciation of 
the courtesies extended to its members on the occasion of the recent 
celebration of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the founding of the 
Order ; also to congratulate the Pennsylvania Commandery upon the 
success which distinguished this glorious reunion. 

The great army is marching to its final camping-ground, but may 
the history of its comradeship be to the future an inspiration, even as 
its achievements are a glory to our beloved country. 

Official. CnAKLES Christensen, 

Commander, 

W. R. Hodges, 

Secorder. 



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